---
title: "Hypertonic sodium lactate improves microcirculation and reduces inflammation in a rat sepsis model"
id: "pubmed-42763846"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42763846"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Critical Care"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/"
doi: "10.1186/s40635-026-00975-5"
published_at: "2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Hypertonic sodium lactate improves microcirculation and reduces inflammation in a rat sepsis model
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42763846
- **Specialty:** [Critical Care](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/critical-care.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/)
- **DOI:** [10.1186/s40635-026-00975-5](https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs40635-026-00975-5)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- Study evaluated **hypertonic sodium lactate (HSL)** in a resuscitated rat cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis model, focusing on microcirculatory function and vascular reactivity. - Male Wistar rats underwent CLP; 10 hours after CLP they received either 0.9% NaCl or 11.2% HSL infusion for 18 hours before assessment. - HSL did not change systemic arterial pressure, echocardiography parameters, or pressure–volume loop measurements compared with control. - HSL significantly improved mesenteric microvascular perfusion (median 1126 [923–1300] vs 816.5 [692–919] Perfusion Unit; p = 0.012). - HSL reduced systemic inflammation as measured by plasma **TNF-α** (median 26.2 [22.8–37.1] vs 42.6 [32.6–47.3] pg/mL; p = 0.001). - Ex vivo experiments on mesenteric arteries from healthy rats tested effects of lactate on vascular reactivity after LPS stimulation and during glucose deprivation. - Lactate dose-dependently restored LPS-impaired vasoconstriction, demonstrating a direct effect on small artery function independent of systemic factors. - In glucose-deprived conditions, HSL restored vascular reactivity in both normal and LPS-stimulated arteries, suggesting lactate can serve as an alternative metabolic substrate for vascular smooth muscle. - Authors conclude HSL specifically improved **microcirculation** and lowered systemic inflammatory markers in septic rats and propose translational potential as a resuscitation fluid in sepsis. - Ethics approvals and competing interests were reported: animal research approvals cited; authors declared no conflict of interest.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Hypertonic sodium lactate improves microcirculation, modulates inflammation, and preserves vascular reactivity in a rat model of sepsis: in vivo and ex vivo evidence [Eva Correia](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Correia+E&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France."), [Thomas Maudhuizon](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Maudhuizon+T&cauthor_id=42763846)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Departement of Medical Intensive Care Unit, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France."), [Antoine Hérault](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=H%C3%A9rault+A&cauthor_id=42763846)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Departement of Medical Intensive Care Unit, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France."), [Soumeya Bekri](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Bekri+S&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Referral Center for Lysosomal Diseases, UNIROUEN, AIMS, CHU Rouen, Normandie University, Rouen, G2M, SysMedLab, France."), [Eric Fontaine](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Fontaine+E&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, LBFA, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France."), [Jérémy Bellien](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Bellien+J&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France.")[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-5 "Department of Pharmacology, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France."), [Paul Mulder](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mulder+P&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France."), [Fabienne Tamion](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Tamion+F&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Departement of Medical Intensive Care Unit, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France."), [Emmanuel Besnier](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Besnier+E&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-6 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France. emmanuel.besnier@chu-rouen.fr.")[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#full-view-affiliation-7 "Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. emmanuel.besnier@chu-rouen.fr.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France. * 2 Departement of Medical Intensive Care Unit, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. * 3 Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Referral Center for Lysosomal Diseases, UNIROUEN, AIMS, CHU Rouen, Normandie University, Rouen, G2M, SysMedLab, France. * 4 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, LBFA, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France. * 5 Department of Pharmacology, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. * 6 Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France. emmanuel.besnier@chu-rouen.fr. * 7 Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. emmanuel.besnier@chu-rouen.fr. # Contributed equally. * PMID: **42763846** * DOI: [ 10.1186/s40635-026-00975-5 ](https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-026-00975-5) Item in Clipboard # Hypertonic sodium lactate improves microcirculation, modulates inflammation, and preserves vascular reactivity in a rat model of sepsis: in vivo and ex vivo evidence Eva Correia et al. Intensive Care Med Exp. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Intensive Care Med Exp Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intensive+Care+Med+Exp%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Intensive+Care+Med+Exp%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/) . 2026 Sep 20;14(1):123. doi: 10.1186/s40635-026-00975-5. ### Authors [Eva Correia](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Correia+E&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France."), [Thomas Maudhuizon](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Maudhuizon+T&cauthor_id=42763846)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Departement of Medical Intensive Care Unit, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France."), [Antoine Hérault](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=H%C3%A9rault+A&cauthor_id=42763846)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Departement of Medical Intensive Care Unit, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France."), [Soumeya Bekri](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Bekri+S&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Referral Center for Lysosomal Diseases, UNIROUEN, AIMS, CHU Rouen, Normandie University, Rouen, G2M, SysMedLab, France."), [Eric Fontaine](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Fontaine+E&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, LBFA, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France."), [Jérémy Bellien](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Bellien+J&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France.")[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-5 "Department of Pharmacology, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France."), [Paul Mulder](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mulder+P&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France."), [Fabienne Tamion](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Tamion+F&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Departement of Medical Intensive Care Unit, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France."), [Emmanuel Besnier](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Besnier+E&cauthor_id=42763846)[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-6 "Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France. emmanuel.besnier@chu-rouen.fr.")[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/#short-view-affiliation-7 "Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. emmanuel.besnier@chu-rouen.fr.") ### Affiliations * 1 Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France. * 2 Departement of Medical Intensive Care Unit, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. * 3 Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Referral Center for Lysosomal Diseases, UNIROUEN, AIMS, CHU Rouen, Normandie University, Rouen, G2M, SysMedLab, France. * 4 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, LBFA, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France. * 5 Department of Pharmacology, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. * 6 Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, EnVI UMR 1096, Rouen, F-76000, France. emmanuel.besnier@chu-rouen.fr. * 7 Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, CHU Rouen, Rouen, F-76000, France. emmanuel.besnier@chu-rouen.fr. # Contributed equally. * PMID: **42763846** * DOI: [ 10.1186/s40635-026-00975-5 ](https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-026-00975-5) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract **Background:** Hypertonic sodium lactate (HSL) has demonstrated beneficial effects in experimental sepsis, improving hemodynamics, modulating inflammation, and supporting cellular metabolism. Nevertheless, prior studies have not specifically addressed microcirculation, despite its critical impairment during sepsis and the absence of targeted therapies. We evaluated the therapeutic effects of HSL in a in vivo resuscitated rat model (Male wistars) of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), with a particular focus on microcirculatory function, followed by ex vivo investigation of sodium lactate on vascular reactivity. **Results:** 10 h after CLP rats were infused with 0.9% NaCl or 11.2% HSL for 18 h before exploration. No difference was observed on arterial pressure, echocardiography and pressure-volume loops. HSL improved mesenteric perfusion (1126 [923-1300] vs. 816.5 [692-919] Perfusion Unit, p = 0.012) and TNF-α plasma levels (26.2 [22.8-37.1] vs. 42.6 [32.6-47.3] pg/mL, p = 0.001). Ex vivo, mesenteric artery reactivity experiments from healthy rats was tested with or without LPS-stimulation and glucose deprivation. Lactate dose-dependently restored LPS-impaired vasoconstriction, showing an independent effect on small arteries. In glucose deprivation conditions, HSL was able to restore vascular reactivity in normal or LPS-stimulated arteries. **Conclusions:** HSL specifically improved microcirculation and reduced systemic inflammation in septic rats. Moreover, lactate may act as an alternative to glucose in deprivation conditions. These benefits support its translational potential as a resuscitation fluid in sepsis. **Keywords:** Cardiovascular dysfunction; Hypertonic sodium lactate; Microcirculation; Sepsis. © 2026. The Author(s). [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Conflict of interest statement Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Animal Research CENOMEXA no. 54 (Comité National de Réflexion Ethique sur l’Expérimentation Animale), approval number #32551-2021072614374803, 16 February 2022, and #45309-2023102511082103, 29 April 2024). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest with the present subject ## References 1. 1. Rudd KE, Johnson SC, Agesa KM et al (2020) Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990–2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet 395:200–211. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736\(19\)32989-7) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31954465/) - [PMC](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/6970225/) 2. 1. Russell JA, Rush B, Boyd J (2018) Pathophysiology of Septic Shock. Crit Care Clin 34:43–61. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccc.2017.08.005) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29149941/) 3. 1. Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W et al (2021) Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Med 47:1181–1247. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-021-06506-y) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34599691/) - [PMC](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/8486643/) 4. 1. Sirvent J-M, Ferri C, Baró A et al (2015) Fluid balance in sepsis and septic shock as a determining factor of mortality. Am J Emerg Med 33:186–189. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2014.11.016) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25483379/) 5. 1. Boyd JH, Forbes J, Nakada T et al (2011) Fluid resuscitation in septic shock: A positive fluid balance and elevated central venous pressure are associated with increased mortality*. Crit Care Med 39:259–265. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181feeb15) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20975548/) Show all 54 references [x] Cite Copy Download .nbib .nbib Format: AMA APA MLA NLM **Send To** * [Clipboard](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/) * [Email](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42763846%2F%23open-email-panel) * [Save](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42763846/) * [My Bibliography](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42763846%2F%23open-bibliography-panel) * [Collections](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42763846%2F%23open-collections-panel) * [Citation Manager](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.
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