---
title: "Imeglimin pretreatment reduces sepsis-associated AKI and improves survival in diabetic mice"
id: "pubmed-42837067"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42837067"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Critical Care"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/"
doi: "10.1007/s10157-026-02956-0"
published_at: "2026-10-06T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Imeglimin pretreatment reduces sepsis-associated AKI and improves survival in diabetic mice
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42837067
- **Specialty:** [Critical Care](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/critical-care.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/)
- **DOI:** [10.1007/s10157-026-02956-0](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10157-026-02956-0)
- **Published At:** 2026-10-06T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- The study evaluated whether the oral antihyperglycemic **imeglimin**, an AMP-kinase (**AMPK**) activator, can ameliorate sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (**SA-AKI**) and improve survival in diabetic mice after Escherichia coli challenge. - Two diabetic mouse models were used: genetically diabetic db/db mice and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice; imeglimin was administered mixed in feed for two weeks prior to bacterial challenge. - Outcomes included survival, kidney injury, serum cytokines (including IL-6), lactate and ketone levels, and measures of mitochondrial function and energy status such as mitochondrial membrane potential and kidney ATP concentration. - Imeglimin pretreatment improved survival and reduced kidney injury after E. coli challenge in both db/db and STZ models compared with vehicle-fed controls. - Imeglimin-treated mice had a higher p-AMPK/AMPK ratio, indicating enhanced AMPK signaling. - Mitochondrial function indicators—tubular cell mitochondrial membrane potential and kidney ATP content—were better preserved with imeglimin in both diabetes models. - Recovery of fatty acid oxidation and changes in serum lactate and ketone levels differed between db/db and STZ mice, indicating model-specific metabolic responses. - Serum IL-6 levels were lower in imeglimin-treated mice compared with vehicle-treated mice after E. coli challenge. - The authors conclude that imeglimin may prevent SA-AKI and increase survival via preservation of mitochondrial function through AMPK enhancement, facilitating earlier resolution of sepsis-associated metabolic deterioration. - No conflicts of interest were declared; animal procedures were performed under institutional ethical approval (IRB approval number 24034-1). Funding sources listed included grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. [ Skip to main page content ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#article-details) ![U.S. flag](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png) An official website of the United States government Here's how you know ![Dot gov](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg) **The .gov means it’s official.** Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. ![Https](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg) **The site is secure.** The **https://** ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. [ ![NIH NLM Logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg) ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [Log in](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42837067%2F) Show account info Close #### Account Logged in as: **username** * [Dashboard](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) * [Publications](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/bibliography/) * [Account settings](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/) * [Log out](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/signout/?back_url=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) [Access keys](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys) [NCBI Homepage](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) [MyNCBI Homepage](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) [Main Content](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#maincontent) [Main Navigation](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) [ ![pubmed logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/a447896c-976f-490b-b86b-2668b65114a8/core/images/pubmed-logo-blue.svg) ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [ ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/ "Show search bar") Search: [](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/ "Clear search input")Search [Advanced](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/advanced/) [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clipboard/) [ User Guide ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/) Save Email Send to * [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) * [My Bibliography](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42837067%2F%23open-bibliography-panel) * [Collections](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42837067%2F%23open-collections-panel) * [Citation manager](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Save citation to file Format: Summary (text) PubMed PMID Abstract (text) CSV Create file Cancel ## Email citation Email address has not been verified. Go to [ My NCBI account settings ](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/settings/) to confirm your email and then refresh this page. To: Subject: Body: Format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) MeSH and other data Send email Cancel ### Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) Add Cancel ### Add to My Bibliography * My Bibliography Unable to load your delegates due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) Add Cancel ## Your saved search Name of saved search: Search terms: [Test search terms](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) Would you like email updates of new search results? Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons * Yes * No Email: ([change](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/)) Frequency: Monthly Weekly Daily Which day? The first Sunday The first Monday The first Tuesday The first Wednesday The first Thursday The first Friday The first Saturday The first day The first weekday Which day? Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Report format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) PubMed Send at most: 1 item 5 items 10 items 20 items 50 items 100 items 200 items Send even when there aren't any new results Optional text in email: Save Cancel ## Create a file for external citation management software Create file Cancel ## Your RSS Feed Name of RSS Feed: Number of items displayed: 5 10 15 20 50 100 Create RSS Cancel RSS Link Copy ### Actions Cite Collections Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) Add Cancel Permalink Permalink Copy Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ### Experimental Resource Linked Discoveries ### Page navigation * [ Title & authors ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#heading) * [ Abstract ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#abstract) * [ Conflict of interest statement ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#conflict-of-interest) * [ References ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#references) * [ Grants and funding ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#grants) Title & authors Abstract Conflict of interest statement References Grants and funding Clin Exp Nephrol Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Clin+Exp+Nephrol%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Clin+Exp+Nephrol%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) . 2026 Oct 6. doi: 10.1007/s10157-026-02956-0. Online ahead of print. # Imeglimin pretreatment improves survival and attenuates sepsis-associated acute kidney injury following Escherichia coli challenge in diabetic mice [Hiroyasu Goto](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Goto+H&cauthor_id=42837067)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#full-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. hgoto@ndmc.ac.jp."), [Kengo Tomita](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Tomita+K&cauthor_id=42837067)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#full-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Gastroenterology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. kengo@ndmc.ac.jp."), [Koji Kuwata](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kuwata+K&cauthor_id=42837067)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan."), [Kazuma Mori](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mori+K&cauthor_id=42837067)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan."), [Masahiro Nakashima](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Nakashima+M&cauthor_id=42837067)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan."), [Hiroyuki Nakashima](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Nakashima+H&cauthor_id=42837067)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan."), [Manabu Kinoshita](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kinoshita+M&cauthor_id=42837067)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan."), [Naoki Oshima](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Oshima+N&cauthor_id=42837067)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. hgoto@ndmc.ac.jp. * 2 Department of Gastroenterology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. kengo@ndmc.ac.jp. * 3 Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. * 4 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. # Contributed equally. * PMID: **42837067** * DOI: [ 10.1007/s10157-026-02956-0 ](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-026-02956-0) Item in Clipboard # Imeglimin pretreatment improves survival and attenuates sepsis-associated acute kidney injury following Escherichia coli challenge in diabetic mice Hiroyasu Goto et al. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Clin Exp Nephrol Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Clin+Exp+Nephrol%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Clin+Exp+Nephrol%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) . 2026 Oct 6. doi: 10.1007/s10157-026-02956-0. Online ahead of print. ### Authors [Hiroyasu Goto](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Goto+H&cauthor_id=42837067)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#short-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. hgoto@ndmc.ac.jp."), [Kengo Tomita](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Tomita+K&cauthor_id=42837067)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#short-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Gastroenterology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. kengo@ndmc.ac.jp."), [Koji Kuwata](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kuwata+K&cauthor_id=42837067)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan."), [Kazuma Mori](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mori+K&cauthor_id=42837067)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan."), [Masahiro Nakashima](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Nakashima+M&cauthor_id=42837067)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan."), [Hiroyuki Nakashima](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Nakashima+H&cauthor_id=42837067)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan."), [Manabu Kinoshita](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kinoshita+M&cauthor_id=42837067)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan."), [Naoki Oshima](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Oshima+N&cauthor_id=42837067)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.") ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. hgoto@ndmc.ac.jp. * 2 Department of Gastroenterology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. kengo@ndmc.ac.jp. * 3 Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. * 4 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. # Contributed equally. * PMID: **42837067** * DOI: [ 10.1007/s10157-026-02956-0 ](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-026-02956-0) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Linked Discoveries ## Abstract **Background:** Sepsis is a serious condition that induces systemic inflammation and multiple organ injuries, including sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI). Diabetes is a risk factor for SA-AKI that can worsen sepsis outcomes. We investigated whether the novel oral antihyperglycemic drug and AMP-kinase (AMPK) activator imeglimin could ameliorate SA-AKI and the survival in diabetic mice by improving the mitochondrial function. **Methods:** Male C57BLKS/J Iar -+Leprdb/+Leprdb (db/db) mice were fed imeglimin-mixed (Ime) or vehicle (Veh) foods for two weeks followed by an Escherichia coli (E. coli) challenge. Survival, kidney functions, serum cytokine, lactate and ketone levels, and the mitochondrial function were examined. To exclude the glucose-lowering effect of imeglimin on sepsis outcomes, we also studied using a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model. **Results:** The Ime group showed ameliorated survival rate and kidney injury after E. coli challenge compared to the Veh group in db/db and STZ mice. The Ime group showed a significantly higher p-AMPK/AMPK ratio than Veh. The mitochondrial membrane potential of tubular cells and the kidney ATP concentration improved in the Ime group of both diabetes types, although the recovery of fatty acid oxidation and changes in serum lactate and ketone levels differed between db/db and STZ mice. The level of serum IL-6 was also lower in the Ime group than the Veh group. **Conclusion:** Imeglimin could prevent SA-AKI and increase the survival rate after E. coli challenge. The preservation of mitochondrial function via AMPK enhancement by imeglimin presumably resulted in early resolution of the metabolic deterioration due to sepsis. **Keywords:** Cytokine; Diabetes; Imeglimin; Mitochondria; Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. © 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Japanese Society of Nephrology. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Conflict of interest statement Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Ethical approval: All procedures performed in studies involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution (IRB approval number 24034-1). Disclaimer: The views expressed in this presentation are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policies of the Japan Self-Defense Force and the Ministry of Defense. ## References 1. 1. Zarjou A, Agarwal A. Sepsis and acute kidney injury. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;22(6):999–1006. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2010050484) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21566052/) 2. 1. Zarbock A, Nadim MK, Pickkers P, et al. Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: consensus report of the 28th Acute Disease Quality Initiative workgroup. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2023;19(6):401–17. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-023-00683-3) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36823168/) 3. 1. Lafrance JP, Miller DR. Acute kidney injury associated with increased long-term mortality. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;20:223–8. 4. 1. Liu J, Xie H, Ye Z, et al. Rates, predictors, and mortality of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Nephrol. 2020;21:318. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-020-01974-8) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32736541/) - [PMC](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/7393862/) 5. 1. Wan L, Bagshaw SM, Langenberg C, et al. Pathophysiology of septic acute kidney injury: what do we really know? Crit Care Med. 2008;36(4 Suppl):S198-203. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1097/ccm.0b013e318168ccd5) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18382194/) Show all 31 references ## Grants and funding * [ 23K21627/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=23K21627%2FJapan+Society+for+the+Promotion+of+Science%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc "All articles for grant 23K21627/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science") * [ 21H03370/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=21H03370%2FJapan+Society+for+the+Promotion+of+Science%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc "All articles for grant 21H03370/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science") [x] Cite Copy Download .nbib .nbib Format: AMA APA MLA NLM **Send To** * [Clipboard](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) * [Email](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42837067%2F%23open-email-panel) * [Save](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) * [My Bibliography](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42837067%2F%23open-bibliography-panel) * [Collections](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42837067%2F%23open-collections-panel) * [Citation Manager](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42837067/) [x] NCBI Literature Resources [MeSH](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/) [PMC](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/) [Bookshelf](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books) [Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Follow NCBI [ Twitter ](https://twitter.com/ncbi) [ Facebook ](https://www.facebook.com/ncbi.nlm) [ LinkedIn ](https://www.linkedin.com/company/ncbinlm) [ GitHub ](https://github.com/ncbi) [ ](https://ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [Connect with NLM](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/socialmedia/index.html) * [ Twitter ](https://twitter.com/NLM_NIH) * [ SM-Facebook ](https://www.facebook.com/nationallibraryofmedicine) * [ SM-Youtube ](https://www.youtube.com/user/NLMNIH) National Library of Medicine [8600 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20894](https://www.google.com/maps/place/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894/@38.9959508,-77.101021,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb:0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!4d-77.0988323) [Web Policies](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html) [FOIA](https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office) [HHS Vulnerability Disclosure](https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html) [Help](https://support.nlm.nih.gov/?pagename=pubmed%3Apubmed%3Aabstract%3ANONE) [Accessibility](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/accessibility.html) [Careers](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/careers/careers.html) * [NLM](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/) * [NIH](https://www.nih.gov/) * [HHS](https://www.hhs.gov/) * [USA.gov](https://www.usa.gov/)
## Related Clinical Research

- [Predictors of Mortality and HIE Severity in Neonates at Jimma University Medical Center](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42860536.md) (DOI: 10.1186/s40748-026-00309-z)
- [Biomarker Use for Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients: Systematic Evidence Map and Prac](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42725835.md) (DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000007362)
- [Plasma metabolomic profiling reveals candidate biomarkers for sepsis diagnosis and mortality predi](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/frontiers-in-immunology-18-plasma-metabolomic-profiling-identifies-candidate-biomarkers-associated-with.md)
- [Serum Magnesium and Risk of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis and Sepsis in Hospitalized Cirrhosis](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/frontiers-in-immunology-19-association-of-serum-magnesium-levels-with-the-risk-of-spontaneous-bacterial.md)
- [Modular Event-Based Architecture for Dynamic Evaluation of the Sepsis Pathway Using eMR Data](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/medrxiv-6-a-modular-architecture-for-dynamic-evaluation-of-best-practice-care.md)

## Navigation
- [← Back to Critical Care Feed](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/critical-care.md)
- [← All Clinical Specialties](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed.md)
## Medical & Regulatory Disclaimer

> [!CAUTION]
> MedicHelpline content is structured for research, educational, and professional discovery purposes. It does not constitute individual medical advice, clinical diagnosis, or treatment recommendations.
> Always verify dosing, contraindications, and regulatory alerts against official product labeling and primary regulatory sources before clinical decision-making.