---
title: "Infectious Complications in Acute Pancreatitis: National Inpatient Sample Analysis (2016–2022)"
id: "pubmed-42667662"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42667662"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Critical Care"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/"
doi: "10.15403/jgld-6842"
published_at: "2026-08-29T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Infectious Complications in Acute Pancreatitis: National Inpatient Sample Analysis (2016–2022)
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42667662
- **Specialty:** [Critical Care](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/critical-care.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/)
- **DOI:** [10.15403/jgld-6842](https://doi.org/10.15403%2Fjgld-6842)
- **Published At:** 2026-08-29T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- This large retrospective analysis used the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2016–2022 to evaluate the impact of **infections** on hospitalized adults with **acute pancreatitis (AP)**. - Of 2,467,233 AP admissions, 392,255 (15.9%) had documented infectious complications. - The most frequent infections were **urinary tract infection (UTI)** (51%), pneumonia (29.7%), cholangitis (14.5%), Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) (7.9%), cellulitis (5.6%), and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (**SBP**) (1.9%). - Mortality varied by infection type: SBP had the highest in-hospital mortality (21.1%), followed by pneumonia (12.8%). Lower mortality rates were reported with UTI (4.5%), cholangitis (5.2%), CDI (6.9%), and cellulitis (5.9%). - Overall, AP patients with infections experienced higher adjusted in-hospital mortality compared with those without infections (6.7% vs 1.6%, p < 0.001). - Secondary outcomes evaluated included sepsis, shock, acute kidney injury (AKI), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and portal vein thrombosis (PVT). - The study highlights that infectious complications, particularly **SBP** and **pneumonia**, are associated with substantially worse in-hospital outcomes in AP and underscores the importance of early recognition and management. - Details on specific adjusted effect measures, statistical models, timing of infections, microbiology data, or management strategies were not reported in the abstract.
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Online ahead of print. # Burden and Impact of Infections in Acute Pancreatitis: Insights from the National Inpatient Sample [Isha Kohli](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kohli+I&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Graduate Program in Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA. ishakohli689@gmail.com."), [Anmol Singh](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Singh+A&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Internal Medicine, Tristar Centennial Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. drsinghanmol@gmail.com."), [Mehul Solanki](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Solanki+M&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India. Solankimehul97@gmail.com."), [Saniya Jiwani](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Jiwani+S&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandrapur, Maharashtra, India. Saniyajiwani786@gmail.com."), [Carol Singh](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Singh+C&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#full-view-affiliation-5 "Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, PB, India. singhcarol04@gmail.com."), [Vikash Kumar](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kumar+V&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#full-view-affiliation-6 "Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA. kumarvikashmd@gmail.com."), [Aalam Sohal](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Sohal+A&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#full-view-affiliation-7 "Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA. aalamsohal@gmail.com."), [Dalbir Sandhu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Sandhu+D&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 8 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#full-view-affiliation-8 "Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA. dalbir.sandhu@commonspirit.org.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Graduate Program in Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA. ishakohli689@gmail.com. * 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Tristar Centennial Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. drsinghanmol@gmail.com. * 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India. Solankimehul97@gmail.com. * 4 Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandrapur, Maharashtra, India. Saniyajiwani786@gmail.com. * 5 Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, PB, India. singhcarol04@gmail.com. * 6 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA. kumarvikashmd@gmail.com. * 7 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA. aalamsohal@gmail.com. * 8 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA. dalbir.sandhu@commonspirit.org. * PMID: **42667662** * DOI: [ 10.15403/jgld-6842 ](https://doi.org/10.15403/jgld-6842) Item in Clipboard # Burden and Impact of Infections in Acute Pancreatitis: Insights from the National Inpatient Sample Isha Kohli et al. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID J Gastrointestin Liver Dis Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22J+Gastrointestin+Liver+Dis%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22J+Gastrointestin+Liver+Dis%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/) . 2026 Aug 29. doi: 10.15403/jgld-6842. Online ahead of print. ### Authors [Isha Kohli](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kohli+I&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Graduate Program in Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA. ishakohli689@gmail.com."), [Anmol Singh](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Singh+A&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Internal Medicine, Tristar Centennial Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. drsinghanmol@gmail.com."), [Mehul Solanki](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Solanki+M&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India. Solankimehul97@gmail.com."), [Saniya Jiwani](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Jiwani+S&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandrapur, Maharashtra, India. Saniyajiwani786@gmail.com."), [Carol Singh](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Singh+C&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#short-view-affiliation-5 "Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, PB, India. singhcarol04@gmail.com."), [Vikash Kumar](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kumar+V&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#short-view-affiliation-6 "Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA. kumarvikashmd@gmail.com."), [Aalam Sohal](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Sohal+A&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#short-view-affiliation-7 "Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA. aalamsohal@gmail.com."), [Dalbir Sandhu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Sandhu+D&cauthor_id=42667662)[ 8 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42667662/#short-view-affiliation-8 "Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA. dalbir.sandhu@commonspirit.org.") ### Affiliations * 1 Graduate Program in Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA. ishakohli689@gmail.com. * 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Tristar Centennial Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. drsinghanmol@gmail.com. * 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India. Solankimehul97@gmail.com. * 4 Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandrapur, Maharashtra, India. Saniyajiwani786@gmail.com. * 5 Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, PB, India. singhcarol04@gmail.com. * 6 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA. kumarvikashmd@gmail.com. * 7 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA. aalamsohal@gmail.com. * 8 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA. dalbir.sandhu@commonspirit.org. * PMID: **42667662** * DOI: [ 10.15403/jgld-6842 ](https://doi.org/10.15403/jgld-6842) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract **Background and aims:** Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease with a wide range of severity. Disruption of the intestinal barrier and translocation of gut flora increase the risk of infectious complications. Our study evaluates the impact of infections on in-hospital outcomes among admitted AP patients. **Methods:** Hospitalized adult AP patients were identified from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (2016-2022) using ICD-10 codes. Patients with missing demographic or mortality data were excluded, and those remaining were stratified by infection type. Demographics, AP etiology, comorbidities, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality by infection type. Secondary outcomes included sepsis, shock, acute kidney injury (AKI), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and portal vein thrombosis (PVT). **Results:** Among 2,467,233 patients with AP, 392,255 (15.9%) developed infectious complications. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) were most common (51%), followed by pneumonia (29.7%), cholangitis (14.5%), Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) (7.9%), cellulitis (5.6%), and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) (1.9%). SBP had the highest mortality (21.1%), followed by pneumonia (12.8%), whereas mortality was lower with UTI (4.5%), cholangitis (5.2%), CDI (6.9%), and cellulitis (5.9%). AP patients with infections had higher in-hospital mortality after adjusting for confounding factors (6.7% vs 1.6%, p < 0.001). **Conclusions:** Infectious complications, particularly SBP and pneumonia, were associated with significantly worse in-hospital outcomes in patients with AP, highlighting the importance of early recognition and management. 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