---
title: "Nanobodies Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Papain-Like Protease: Dual Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Activity"
id: "pubmed-42663461"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42663461"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Critical Care"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/"
doi: "10.1128/jvi.00599-26"
published_at: "2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Nanobodies Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Papain-Like Protease: Dual Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Activity
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42663461
- **Specialty:** [Critical Care](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/critical-care.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/)
- **DOI:** [10.1128/jvi.00599-26](https://doi.org/10.1128%2Fjvi.00599-26)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- The article reports on **nanobodies** directed against the SARS-CoV-2 **papain-like protease (PLpro)** and states these agents exert both **antiviral** and **anti-inflammatory** effects, as reflected in the published title. - Publication details: J Virol, 2026 Sep 22;100(9):e0059926. DOI 10.1128/jvi.00599-26. Electronic publication dated 2026 Aug 28. - Lead and contributing authors include Guolong Liu, Jiantao Chen, Fang Wu and many collaborators; several authors are noted as contributing equally. - Primary institutional affiliations listed include Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism), Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Tsinghua University Center for Infection Biology, and other Chinese research centers. - The title indicates a dual mechanism: direct antiviral activity targeting a viral protease and modulation of inflammatory responses; this duality is the central claim conveyed by the source title. - The PubMed record excerpt does not include the abstract text, experimental methods, quantitative results, model systems, safety or pharmacokinetic data, or conflict-of-interest statements in the provided extract; those details were not reported in the source excerpt supplied here. - Full-text access is linked via Atypon (journal site) in the PubMed record; specific experimental outcomes and supporting data must be retrieved from the full article for clinical or translational interpretation. - Given the available metadata, the work appears to be a collaborative, multi-institutional study focused on targeted biologics against SARS-CoV-2 PLpro, with potential relevance to both antiviral therapy and inflammation control in COVID-19, but detailed evidence for efficacy and safety is not present in the excerpt. - For clinical application or integration into treatment pathways, the excerpt does not report trial phase, in vitro versus in vivo models, dosing, or regulatory status—these were not reported in the provided source material. - Readers are advised to consult the full J Virol article (DOI provided) for methods, data, and conclusions; the PubMed entry shows bibliographic and author-affiliation information but omits substantive experimental detail in the excerpt provided here.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Epub 2026 Aug 28. # Nanobodies targeting SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease exert dual antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects [Guolong Liu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Liu+G&cauthor_id=42663461)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-2 "NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China."), [Jiantao Chen](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chen+J&cauthor_id=42663461)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.")[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-5 "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.")[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-6 "Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.")[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-7 "State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.")[ 8 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-8 "National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China."), [Fang Wu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wu+F&cauthor_id=42663461)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-2 "NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China."), [Peilan Wei](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wei+P&cauthor_id=42663461)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.")[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-5 "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.")[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-6 "Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.")[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-7 "State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.")[ 8 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-8 "National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China."), [Yuzhe Wu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wu+Y&cauthor_id=42663461)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-2 "NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China."), [Di Yan](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Yan+D&cauthor_id=42663461)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-2 "NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China."), [Xinfeng Xu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Xu+X&cauthor_id=42663461)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-2 "NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China."), [Qiang Ding](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ding+Q&cauthor_id=42663461)[ 9 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-9 "Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China."), [Yanqun Wang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wang+Y&cauthor_id=42663461)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.")[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-5 "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.")[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-6 "Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.")[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-7 "State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.")[ 8 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-8 "National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China."), [Shuwen Liu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Liu+S&cauthor_id=42663461)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-2 "NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 10 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-10 "State Key Laboratory of Multi-organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 11 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-11 "MOE Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 12 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-12 "MOE Innovation Center for Medical Basic Research on Inflammation and Immune Related Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China."), [Jincun Zhao](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhao+J&cauthor_id=42663461)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.")[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-5 "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.")[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-6 "Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.")[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-7 "State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.")[ 8 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-8 "National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China."), [Wei Xu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Xu+W&cauthor_id=42663461)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-2 "NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 10 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-10 "State Key Laboratory of Multi-organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 11 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-11 "MOE Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.")[ 12 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663461/#full-view-affiliation-12 "MOE Innovation Center for Medical Basic Research on Inflammation and Immune Related Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. * 2 NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. * 3 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. * 4 Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China. * 5 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. * 6 Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China. * 7 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. * 8 National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of R
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