---
title: "Outcomes of Expanded Antibiotic Regimen vs Ampicillin-Erythromycin in PPROM Before 35 Weeks"
id: "pubmed-42687826"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42687826"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Critical Care"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/"
doi: "10.1002/ijgo.71342"
published_at: "2026-09-03T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Outcomes of Expanded Antibiotic Regimen vs Ampicillin-Erythromycin in PPROM Before 35 Weeks
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42687826
- **Specialty:** [Critical Care](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/critical-care.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/)
- **DOI:** [10.1002/ijgo.71342](https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fijgo.71342)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-03T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- This retrospective cohort compared maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with **preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM)** managed expectantly with either standard ampicillin-erythromycin or an institutional alternative regimen of ampicillin, ceftriaxone, and clarithromycin. - The study included 136 singleton pregnancies with confirmed PPROM between 24+0 and 34+6 weeks from a tertiary referral center in Cali, Colombia (January 2019–December 2024). - Ampicillin-erythromycin was the institutional regimen from 2019–2022; ampicillin-ceftriaxone-clarithromycin was used in 2023–2024. - Primary maternal outcomes were infectious morbidity measures including **clinical chorioamnionitis**, maternal sepsis, and postpartum endometritis. The primary neonatal outcome was **early-onset neonatal sepsis**. - The alternative regimen group (n = 72) had lower rates of clinical chorioamnionitis (16.7% vs 32.8%), maternal sepsis (1.4% vs 14.1%), postpartum endometritis (1.4% vs 12.5%), and early-onset neonatal sepsis (46.5% vs 66.1%) compared with the ampicillin-erythromycin group (n = 64). Reported P values were 0.044, 0.006, 0.013, and 0.039 respectively for those comparisons. - Latency (time to delivery) assessed by restricted mean time to delivery (RMTD) from Kaplan–Meier curves was longer in the alternative regimen group by a non-significant 1.39 days (95% CI −2.40 to 5.18; P = 0.471). - After multivariable adjustment, the alternative regimen remained independently associated with a reduction in **clinical chorioamnionitis**. The association with early-onset neonatal sepsis was attenuated after adjustment and described as exploratory. - Authors conclude that ampicillin-ceftriaxone-clarithromycin was associated with reduced maternal infectious morbidity in expectantly managed PPROM before 35 weeks, but they call for prospective studies to confirm efficacy, safety, antimicrobial resistance impact, and long-term neonatal outcomes.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Online ahead of print. # Maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with expanded antibiotic therapy in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes [Juan Manuel Burgos-Luna](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Burgos-Luna+JM&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Fundación Valle del Lili, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Cali, Colombia."), [Laura Soto Giraldo](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Giraldo+LS&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Fundación Valle del Lili, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Cali, Colombia."), [Maria Alejandra Suarez-Revelo](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Suarez-Revelo+MA&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas \(CIC\), Cali, Colombia."), [Juan Sebastián Galindo-Sánchez](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Galindo-S%C3%A1nchez+JS&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas \(CIC\), Cali, Colombia.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cali, Colombia."), [Isabella Mejia Rodriguez](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Rodriguez+IM&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cali, Colombia."), [Mariana Cordoba Munoz](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Munoz+MC&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cali, Colombia."), [Albaro Jose Nieto-Calvache](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Nieto-Calvache+AJ&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Fundación Valle del Lili, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Cali, Colombia.")[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Universidad del Valle, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Facultad de Salud, Cali, Colombia.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Fundación Valle del Lili, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Cali, Colombia. * 2 Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas (CIC), Cali, Colombia. * 3 Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cali, Colombia. * 4 Universidad del Valle, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Facultad de Salud, Cali, Colombia. * PMID: **42687826** * DOI: [ 10.1002/ijgo.71342 ](https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.71342) Item in Clipboard # Maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with expanded antibiotic therapy in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes Juan Manuel Burgos-Luna et al. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Int J Gynaecol Obstet Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Int+J+Gynaecol+Obstet%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Int+J+Gynaecol+Obstet%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/) . 2026 Sep 3. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.71342. Online ahead of print. ### Authors [Juan Manuel Burgos-Luna](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Burgos-Luna+JM&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Fundación Valle del Lili, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Cali, Colombia."), [Laura Soto Giraldo](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Giraldo+LS&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Fundación Valle del Lili, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Cali, Colombia."), [Maria Alejandra Suarez-Revelo](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Suarez-Revelo+MA&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas \(CIC\), Cali, Colombia."), [Juan Sebastián Galindo-Sánchez](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Galindo-S%C3%A1nchez+JS&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas \(CIC\), Cali, Colombia.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cali, Colombia."), [Isabella Mejia Rodriguez](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Rodriguez+IM&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cali, Colombia."), [Mariana Cordoba Munoz](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Munoz+MC&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cali, Colombia."), [Albaro Jose Nieto-Calvache](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Nieto-Calvache+AJ&cauthor_id=42687826)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Fundación Valle del Lili, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Cali, Colombia.")[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687826/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Universidad del Valle, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Facultad de Salud, Cali, Colombia.") ### Affiliations * 1 Fundación Valle del Lili, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Cali, Colombia. * 2 Fundación Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas (CIC), Cali, Colombia. * 3 Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cali, Colombia. * 4 Universidad del Valle, Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Facultad de Salud, Cali, Colombia. * PMID: **42687826** * DOI: [ 10.1002/ijgo.71342 ](https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.71342) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract **Objective:** To compare maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) managed expectantly with either ampicillin-erythromycin or an institutional alternative regimen combining ampicillin, ceftriaxone, and clarithromycin. **Methods:** This was a retrospective historical cohort study at a tertiary referral center in Cali, Colombia, including women with singleton pregnancies and confirmed PPROM between 24+0 and 34+6 weeks (January 2019-December 2024). Ampicillin-erythromycin was used from 2019 to 2022, and ampicillin-ceftriaxone-clarithromycin from 2023 to 2024. Primary outcomes included maternal infectious morbidity and early-onset neonatal sepsis. Latency was assessed using the restricted mean time to delivery (RMTD) from Kaplan-Meier curves. **Results:** A total of 136 women were included: 64 received ampicillin-erythromycin and 72 received ampicillin-ceftriaxone-clarithromycin. The alternative regimen was associated with lower rates of clinical chorioamnionitis (16.7% vs. 32.8%; P = 0.044), maternal sepsis (1.4% vs. 14.1%; P = 0.006), postpartum endometritis (1.4% vs. 12.5%; P = 0.013), and early-onset neonatal sepsis (46.5% vs. 66.1%; P = 0.039). Latency was numerically longer but did not reach statistical significance (RMTD difference 1.39 days; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -2.40-5.18; P = 0.471). **Conclusion:** In expectantly managed PPROM before 35 weeks, ampicillin-ceftriaxone-clarithromycin was independently associated with a reduction in clinical chorioamnionitis after multivariable adjustment. The association with early-onset neonatal sepsis was present in analysis but attenuated after adjustment, and should be interpreted as exploratory. Prospective studies are needed to confirm efficacy, safety, antimicrobial resistance implications, and long-term neonatal outcomes. **Keywords:** antibacterial agents; chorioamnionitis; cohort studies; fetal membranes; neonatal sepsis; pregnancy outcome; premature rupture. © 2026 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## References 1. 1. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Prelabor rupture of membranes: ACOG practice bulletin, number 217. Obstet Gynecol. 2020;135(3):e80‐e97. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000003700 2. 1. World Health Organization. WHO Recommendations for Prevention and Treatment of Maternal Peripartum Infections. World Health Organization; 2015. 3. 1. Kenyon S, Boulvain M, Neilson JP. Antibiotics for preterm rupture of membranes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;12:CD001058. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001058.pub3 4. 1. Kenyon SL, Taylor DJ, Tarnow‐Mordi W, ORACLE Collaborative Group. Broad‐spectrum antibiotics for preterm, prelabour rupture of fetal membranes: the ORACLE I randomised trial. Lancet. 2001;357(9261):979‐988. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04233-1 5. 1. Wojcieszek AM, Stock OM, Flenady V. Antibiotics for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term. 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