---
title: "Serum potassium and mortality in sepsis: U-shaped association with 28-day and in-hospital outcomes"
id: "pubmed-41641589"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-41641589"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Critical Care"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/"
doi: "10.1097/CM9.0000000000003845"
published_at: "2026-08-20T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Serum potassium and mortality in sepsis: U-shaped association with 28-day and in-hospital outcomes
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-41641589
- **Specialty:** [Critical Care](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/critical-care.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/)
- **DOI:** [10.1097/CM9.0000000000003845](https://doi.org/10.1097%2FCM9.0000000000003845)
- **Published At:** 2026-08-20T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- This PubMed entry (PMID 41641589; DOI 10.1097/CM9.0000000000003845) reports a study titled “Serum potassium as a predictor of 28-day and in-hospital mortality in patients with sepsis: A U-shaped association.” The paper is authored by Guang Zhao et al., affiliated with the Department of Emergency Medicine and Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, China. - The article appears in Chinese Medical Journal (English) with citation details: 2026 Aug 20;139(16):2502-2504; Epub 2026 Feb 5. A Wolters Kluwer link is provided for full-text access. - The PubMed record contains no abstract; numeric results, sample size, methods, specific potassium ranges, effect sizes, confidence intervals, statistical tests, and adjustment variables are not reported in the PubMed entry. - The article title indicates the authors identified a **U-shaped association** between **serum potassium** and both **28-day mortality** and **in-hospital mortality** in patients with **sepsis**, implying that both low and high potassium levels may associate with higher mortality compared with a mid-range. - Because the PubMed entry lacks the abstract and outcome details, clinicians and researchers should consult the full text (Wolters Kluwer link) to review study design, cohort characteristics, definitions of hypo- and hyperkalaemia, analytic approach, and clinical thresholds. - The PubMed page links to related literature on potassium and mortality in sepsis and critical illness, highlighting this study in the context of prior and parallel analyses (e.g., MIMIC database analyses and multicenter cohort studies). - Key identifiers for retrieval and citation are provided (PMID, DOI, journal, authors, affiliations); no additional study-specific data are available from the PubMed record.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Epub 2026 Feb 5. # Serum potassium as a predictor of 28-day and in-hospital mortality in patients with sepsis: A U-shaped association [Guang Zhao](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhao+G&cauthor_id=41641589)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China."), [Zhaoxiang Wang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wang+Z&cauthor_id=41641589)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China."), [Yuting Gu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Gu+Y&cauthor_id=41641589)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China."), [Yuyang Chen](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chen+Y&cauthor_id=41641589)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China."), [Xiaohua Xia](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Xia+X&cauthor_id=41641589)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China. * 2 Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China. * PMID: **41641589** * DOI: [ 10.1097/CM9.0000000000003845 ](https://doi.org/10.1097/cm9.0000000000003845) Item in Clipboard # Serum potassium as a predictor of 28-day and in-hospital mortality in patients with sepsis: A U-shaped association Guang Zhao et al. Chin Med J (Engl). 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Chin Med J (Engl) Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chin+Med+J+%28Engl%29%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Chin+Med+J+%28Engl%29%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/) . 2026 Aug 20;139(16):2502-2504. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000003845. Epub 2026 Feb 5. ### Authors [Guang Zhao](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhao+G&cauthor_id=41641589)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China."), [Zhaoxiang Wang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wang+Z&cauthor_id=41641589)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China."), [Yuting Gu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Gu+Y&cauthor_id=41641589)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China."), [Yuyang Chen](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chen+Y&cauthor_id=41641589)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China."), [Xiaohua Xia](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Xia+X&cauthor_id=41641589)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41641589/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China.") ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China. * 2 Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China. * PMID: **41641589** * DOI: [ 10.1097/CM9.0000000000003845 ](https://doi.org/10.1097/cm9.0000000000003845) Item in Clipboard Full text links Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID _No abstract available_ [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Similar articles * [ Association between serum potassium and 28-day mortality in elderly patients with sepsis: a multicenter cohort study. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41225362/) Liu X, Lin Q, Gao K, Chen X, Li S, Zhu X, Mou S, Ni Z, Jin H.Liu X, et al.BMC Geriatr. 2025 Nov 12;25(1):896. doi: 10.1186/s12877-025-06574-5.BMC Geriatr. 2025.PMID: 41225362Free PMC article. * [ Dyskalaemia as a predictor of mortality in sepsis: a retrospective cohort study. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40597713/) Süzer NE, Özel M.Süzer NE, et al.BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Jul 1;25(1):865. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-11236-3.BMC Infect Dis. 2025.PMID: 40597713Free PMC article. * [ The relationship between potassium levels and 28-day mortality in sepsis patients: Secondary data analysis using the MIMIC-IV database. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38845906/) Tang J, Zhao P, Li Y, Liu S, Chen L, Chen Y, Chen R, Shen Y, Liu Y.Tang J, et al.Heliyon. 2024 May 22;10(11):e31753. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31753. eCollection 2024 Jun 15.Heliyon. 2024.PMID: 38845906Free PMC article. * [ Linear association between serum potassium levels and 28-day mortality among ICU patients with diabetes and sepsis: a multicenter study. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40520788/) Cai A, Zhang T, Gao K, Chen X, Li S, Lin Q, Mou S, Ni Z, Jin H.Cai A, et al.Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 May 30;12:1582894. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1582894. eCollection 2025.Front Med (Lausanne). 2025.PMID: 40520788Free PMC article. * [ U-SHAPED ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM CALCIUM LEVELS AND 28-DAY MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH SEPSIS: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MIMIC-III DATABASE. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37566809/) Yan D, Xie X, Fu X, Pei S, Wang Y, Deng Y, Yao R, Li N.Yan D, et al.Shock. 2023 Oct 1;60(4):525-533. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0000000000002203. Epub 2023 Aug 11.Shock. 2023.PMID: 37566809Free PMC article. [ See all similar articles ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=41641589) ## References 1. 1. Rhee C, Dantes R, Epstein L, Murphy DJ, Seymour CW, Iwashyna TJ, et al. Incidence and trends of sepsis in US hospitals using clinical vs claims data, 2009–2014. JAMA 2017;318:1241–1249. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.13836. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.13836) 2. 1. McMahon GM, Mendu ML, Gibbons FK, Christopher KB. Association between hyperkalemia at critical care initiation and mortality. Intensive Care Med 2012;38:1834–1842. doi: 10.1007/s00134-012-2636-7. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-012-2636-7) 3. 1. Goyal A, Spertus JA, Gosch K, Venkitachalam L, Jones PG, Van den Berghe G, et al. Serum potassium levels and mortality in acute myocardial infarction. JAMA 2012;307:157–164. doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.1967. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2011.1967) 4. 1. Korgaonkar S, Tilea A, Gillespie BW, Kiser M, Eisele G, Finkelstein F, et al. Serum potassium and outcomes in CKD: Insights from the RRI-CKD cohort study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;5:762–769. doi: 10.2215/cjn.05850809. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.2215/cjn.05850809) 5. 1. Hessels L, Hoekstra M, Mijzen LJ, Vogelzang M, Dieperink W, Lansink AO, et al. The relationship between serum potassium, potassium variability and in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients and a before-after analysis on the impact of computer-assisted potassium control. 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