---
title: "Yoga-Based Lifestyle Intervention to Improve Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol of"
id: "bmj-open-17-effect-of-yoga-based-lifestyle-intervention-on-endothelial-function-and"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/bmj-open-17-effect-of-yoga-based-lifestyle-intervention-on-endothelial-function-and"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Endocrinology"
source_name: "BMJ Open"
source_url: "http://bmjopen.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/16/9/e119948?rss=1"
published_at: "2026-09-02T12:59:18.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Feed"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Yoga-Based Lifestyle Intervention to Improve Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol of
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/bmj-open-17-effect-of-yoga-based-lifestyle-intervention-on-endothelial-function-and
- **Specialty:** [Endocrinology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/endocrinology.md)
- **Primary Source:** BMJ Open
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](http://bmjopen.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/16/9/e119948?rss=1)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-02T12:59:18.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Feed
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- This protocol describes the Yoga V-AgE trial, a randomised, open-label, blinded end-point study assessing a structured **yoga-based lifestyle** programme in adults with **type 2 diabetes (T2DM)**. - The rationale is that cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in T2DM, with residual risk despite optimal glycaemic control; targeting vascular mechanisms such as **endothelial dysfunction** is therefore important. - The trial will enrol 248 adults aged 30–70 years with T2DM diagnosed for at least one year, randomised equally into four parallel arms (three intervention variants plus standard care control). - Interventions: three different components of the yoga-based lifestyle programme delivered in addition to standard medical care; control receives standard medical care alone. Intervention duration is 12 weeks with supervised sessions twice weekly plus guided home practice. - Primary outcome: change in endothelial function measured by **flow-mediated dilatation (FMD)**. Secondary outcomes: arterial stiffness, vascular ageing markers, glycaemic and lipid profiles, autonomic function, oxidative stress, quality of life, and cost of care. - Outcomes assessed at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months; outcome assessors are blinded to group allocation. Analyses follow intention-to-treat with ANCOVA and mixed-effects models; effect estimates with 95% CIs will be reported and sensitivity analyses performed. - Mechanistic assessments will examine autonomic, inflammatory, oxidative and metabolic pathways to elucidate potential modes of action. - Ethics approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital (approval no. SDMIEC/2025/1075). Trial registration: CTRI/2024/10/075712. - Planned dissemination includes peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and stakeholder meetings to inform integrative strategies for preventing cardiovascular complications in T2DM.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
Introduction Despite advances in diabetes care, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with significant residual risk despite optimal glycaemic control. Targeting upstream vascular mechanisms beyond metabolic endpoints is therefore essential through more holistic and integrative approaches to effectively prevent cardiovascular complications in T2DM. Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in accelerating atherosclerosis and premature vascular ageing in T2DM, thereby increasing the cardiovascular risk, making it a key therapeutic target. This study aims to rigorously evaluate the effect of a structured yoga-based lifestyle programme on endothelial function, markers of vascular ageing and quality of life in individuals with T2DM and to elucidate potential mechanisms of action through assessment of autonomic, inflammatory, oxidative and metabolic pathways. Method and analysis A prospective, four-arm, parallel-group, randomised, open-label, blinded end-point study will be conducted at a tertiary care hospital on a total of 248 (62 per arm) adults aged between 30 and 70 years and have a confirmed diagnosis of T2DM for at least 1 year. Three yoga-based intervention groups will receive different components of yoga-based lifestyle intervention in addition to standard medical care, and the control group will receive standard medical care alone. The yoga intervention will be delivered over 12 weeks, comprising supervised sessions twice weekly, supplemented by guided home practice. The primary outcome is the change in endothelial function assessed by flow-mediated dilatation. Secondary outcomes include arterial stiffness, vascular ageing markers, glycaemic and lipid profiles, autonomic function, oxidative stress, quality of life and cost of care. Outcome assessments will be performed at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months, with outcome assessors blinded to group allocation. Data will be analysed according to the intention-to-treat principle. Analysis of covariance and mixed-effects models will assess intervention effects, with sensitivity analyses. Effect estimates and their 95% CIs will be reported. Ethics and dissemination The study has received approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee of SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, India (approval no. SDMIEC/2025/1075). The study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed scientific publications, presentations at national and international conferences and stakeholder meetings, with the aim of informing integrative strategies for effectively preventing cardiovascular complications in T2DM. Trial registration number CTRI/2024/10/075712.
## Related Clinical Research

- [North West London Diabetes Cohort: multiethnic EHR resource for diabetes complications research](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/bmj-open-2-large-scale-multiethnic-electronic-health-record-resource-for-diabetes.md)
- [Pharma Friday: FDA OKs Rasonque for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer and Mounjaro CV Approval — Sept 4](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/endocrine-news-0-pharma-friday-september-4-2026.md)
- [Population-based retrospective cohorts to validate algorithms and estimate prevalence of T1D, T2D](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/bmj-open-1-retrospective-population-based-cohorts-for-assessing-the-performance-of.md)
- [Semaglutide Associated With Lower Bone Fracture Risk in Type 2 Diabetes](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/endocrine-news-0-video-semaglutide-linked-to-lower-bone-fracture-risk.md)
- [Medial Plantar Nerve Shear Wave Elastography and Viscosity for Grading Diabetic Peripheral Neuropa](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/medrxiv-7-medial-plantar-nerve-shear-wave-elastography-and-viscosity-imaging-for.md)

## Navigation
- [← Back to Endocrinology Feed](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/endocrinology.md)
- [← All Clinical Specialties](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed.md)
## Medical & Regulatory Disclaimer

> [!CAUTION]
> MedicHelpline content is structured for research, educational, and professional discovery purposes. It does not constitute individual medical advice, clinical diagnosis, or treatment recommendations.
> Always verify dosing, contraindications, and regulatory alerts against official product labeling and primary regulatory sources before clinical decision-making.