---
title: "DadBooster: Internet CBT for Fathers With Postnatal Depression — Randomized Trial"
id: "pubmed-42678899"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42678899"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "General"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42678899/"
doi: "10.2196/94541"
published_at: "2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# DadBooster: Internet CBT for Fathers With Postnatal Depression — Randomized Trial
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42678899
- **Specialty:** [General](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/general.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42678899/)
- **DOI:** [10.2196/94541](https://doi.org/10.2196%2F94541)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- Up to 1 in 10 fathers experience **postnatal depression**, but fathers are less likely to seek or receive treatment than mothers. Digital interventions may improve engagement. - The trial tested **DadBooster**, an online **cognitive behavioral therapy** (CBT) program specifically designed for fathers with clinically diagnosed postnatal depression. - Design: parallel, 2-group randomized controlled trial (N=50) comparing DadBooster (n=25) with a waitlist control receiving routine care (n=25). Randomization was computer-generated with allocation concealment via a central automated system. - Eligibility: fathers ≥18 years, baby <12 months, depression diagnosis by **QuickSCID-5**, not receiving depression treatment, and no criteria for other mental health disorders. Recruitment was Australia-wide; questionnaires were completed online and clinical assessments by telephone. - Primary outcomes at 12 weeks: depression symptom severity measured by **DASS-21** and depressive episode remission measured by **QuickSCID-5**. Assessors and analysts were blinded; participants were not. - Key efficacy results: DASS-21 scores at 12 weeks were significantly lower in DadBooster versus waitlist (adjusted mean difference -7.26; 95% CI -11.34 to -3.18; P <.001; ηp2=0.21). Average symptom scores fell by 72% in DadBooster compared with 40% in waitlist and dropped into the normal range for the DadBooster group. - Remission by diagnostic interview: 2 of 23 (9%) DadBooster participants assessed still met diagnostic criteria at 12 weeks versus 7 of 24 (29%) in waitlist; this difference was not statistically significant (Fisher exact test P =.14). - Secondary outcomes with significant improvements in DadBooster included stress (adjusted mean difference -6.55; 95% CI -11.01 to -2.09; P =.005; ηp2=0.16), parenting self-efficacy (adjusted mean difference 4.06; 95% CI 1.16-6.95; P =.007; ηp2=0.14), and negative automatic thoughts (adjusted mean difference -18.10; 95% CI -29.79 to -6.42; P =.003; ηp2=0.17). - Engagement was high: 80% (20/25) of DadBooster participants visited four or more sessions. Attrition was low and no adverse events were reported. - Conclusion: This randomized controlled trial provides evidence that **DadBooster**, the first online treatment targeting clinically diagnosed paternal postnatal depression, reduced symptom severity and improved related outcomes, offering a scalable, accessible intervention option for fathers. Trial completed; further implementation and longer-term data were not reported in the source.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Parent-Infant Research Institute, Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital, 300 Waterdale Rd, Heidelberg Heights, Victoria, 3081, Australia, 61 394964496. * 2 Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. * PMID: **42678899** * DOI: [ 10.2196/94541 ](https://doi.org/10.2196/94541) Item in Clipboard Randomized Controlled Trial # Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Fathers With Postnatal Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial of DadBooster Charlene Holt et al. J Med Internet Res. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID J Med Internet Res Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22J+Med+Internet+Res%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22J+Med+Internet+Res%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42678899/) . 2026 Sep 1:28:e94541. doi: 10.2196/94541. ### Authors [Charlene Holt](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Holt+C&cauthor_id=42678899)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42678899/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Parent-Infant Research Institute, Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital, 300 Waterdale Rd, Heidelberg Heights, Victoria, 3081, Australia, 61 394964496."), [Jennifer Ericksen](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ericksen+J&cauthor_id=42678899)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42678899/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Parent-Infant Research Institute, Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital, 300 Waterdale Rd, Heidelberg Heights, Victoria, 3081, Australia, 61 394964496."), [Alan W Gemmill](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Gemmill+AW&cauthor_id=42678899)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42678899/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Parent-Infant Research Institute, Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital, 300 Waterdale Rd, Heidelberg Heights, Victoria, 3081, Australia, 61 394964496."), [Andre L Rodrigues](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Rodrigues+AL&cauthor_id=42678899)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42678899/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Parent-Infant Research Institute, Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital, 300 Waterdale Rd, Heidelberg Heights, Victoria, 3081, Australia, 61 394964496."), [Jeannette Milgrom](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Milgrom+J&cauthor_id=42678899)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42678899/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Parent-Infant Research Institute, Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital, 300 Waterdale Rd, Heidelberg Heights, Victoria, 3081, Australia, 61 394964496.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42678899/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.") ### Affiliations * 1 Parent-Infant Research Institute, Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital, 300 Waterdale Rd, Heidelberg Heights, Victoria, 3081, Australia, 61 394964496. * 2 Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. * PMID: **42678899** * DOI: [ 10.2196/94541 ](https://doi.org/10.2196/94541) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract **Background:** Up to 1 in 10 fathers experience postnatal depression. Fathers are less likely to seek help and receive adequate treatment than depressed mothers. Digital treatments hold significant potential for engaging and supporting fathers, but no effective program exists. **Objective:** The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of an online cognitive behavioral therapy program, DadBooster, for treating postnatal depression in fathers. **Methods:** A parallel, 2-group randomized controlled trial (N=50) was conducted to test the superiority of DadBooster over waitlist control who received routine care. Randomization was computer-generated, with allocation concealment maintained through central, computer-automated administration. Participating fathers were aged 18 years or older, had a baby younger than 12 months, had a depression diagnosis using the Quick Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (QuickSCID-5), were not receiving depression treatment, and did not meet criteria for other mental health disorders. They were recruited Australia-wide and completed questionnaires online and assessments by telephone. Primary outcomes were depression symptom severity (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 [DASS-21]) and depressive episode remission (QuickSCID-5) 12 weeks after enrollment. Participants were not blinded. Assessments (QuickSCID-5) and data analysis were conducted blind to allocation. **Results:** Participants (N=50) were randomized (DadBooster: n=25; waitlist control: n=25) and analyzed as assigned; the trial is complete. Mean depression symptoms (DASS-21) at 12 weeks were significantly lower for DadBooster than waitlist control (adjusted mean difference -7.26, 95% CI -11.34 to -3.18; _F_ 1,47=12.81; _P_ <.001; ηp2=0.21); average scores reduced by 72% (compared to 40% in waitlist control) and dropped to the "normal" range at 12 weeks. Of the DadBooster participants assessed, 2 of 23 (9%) still met diagnostic criteria (QuickSCID-5) at 12 weeks compared with 7 of 24 (29%) waitlist controls; not significant (Fisher exact test: _P_ =.14). Significant differences were found for stress (adjusted mean difference -6.55, 95% CI -11.01 to -2.09; _F_ 1,47=8.73; _P_ =.005; ηp2=0.16), parenting self-efficacy (adjusted mean difference 4.06, 95% CI 1.16-6.95; _F_ 1,47=7.93; _P_ =.007; ηp2=0.14), and negative automatic thoughts (adjusted mean difference -18.10, 95% CI -29.79 to -6.42; _F_ 1,47=9.71; _P_ =.003; ηp2=0.17). Participants engaged well with the intervention-80% (20/25) visited 4 or more sessions-and attrition was low. No adverse events were identified. **Conclusions:** This randomized controlled trial demonstrates the efficacy of DadBooster, the first online treatment targeting clinically diagnosed postnatal depression in fathers, addressing a critical gap in the treatment of postnatal depression, an area that has until recently been primarily focused on mothers. By providing evidence for an intervention specifically designed for fathers with potential for broader scalability, this study advances the limited literature on treatment approaches for postnatal depression in fathers. Given its accessibility, privacy, and convenience, DadBooster is a promising and potentially impactful intervention for supporting fathers. **Keywords:** cognitive behavioral therapy; depression; digital; eHealth; father; online; paternal; postnatal depression; postpartum depression; randomized controlled trial; therapy; treatment. © Charlene Holt, Jennifer Ericksen, Alan W Gemmill, Andre L Rodrigues, Jeannette Milgrom. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org). 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