---
title: "Growth rate shapes the evolutionary dynamics of bacterial traits"
id: "biorxiv-2-growth-rate-structures-the-dynamics-of-bacterial-trait-evolution"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/biorxiv-2-growth-rate-structures-the-dynamics-of-bacterial-trait-evolution"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "General"
source_name: "bioRxiv (Biomedical Preprints)"
source_url: "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.22.761225v1?rss=1"
published_at: "2026-10-23T12:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Verified Feed"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Growth rate shapes the evolutionary dynamics of bacterial traits
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/biorxiv-2-growth-rate-structures-the-dynamics-of-bacterial-trait-evolution
- **Specialty:** [General](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/general.md)
- **Primary Source:** bioRxiv (Biomedical Preprints)
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.22.761225v1?rss=1)
- **Published At:** 2026-10-23T12:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Verified Feed
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- The authors integrated experimentally measured **growth rate** data for 283 bacterial species with 11 genomic, metabolic, ecological and environmental traits to examine coevolutionary dynamics across phylogeny. - They applied multivariate Ornstein–Uhlenbeck models to test how **growth rate** and associated traits evolve, both independently and jointly. - Models assuming distinct slow- and fast-growing evolutionary regimes best explained variation in **growth rate**, the authors reported. - Over longer evolutionary timescales, **growth rate** evolved toward adaptive optima more rapidly than any other trait modeled, both alone and in joint models. - The study team observed that coevolution between **growth rate** and other traits was primarily structured by growth-rate regimes, leading them to describe **growth rate** as a pacemaker of trait evolution. - At instantaneous timescales, six of eight traits that coevolved with **growth rate** showed unidirectional coupling; all four environmental traits were among those with unidirectional links. - In contrast, **ribosomal RNA operon copy number** and **GC percentage** exhibited reciprocal coupling with **growth rate**, indicating bidirectional evolutionary feedback for those genomic traits. - The authors conclude that bacterial growth strategy functions not merely as a correlate but as a major organizing axis of trait evolution across distinct timescales. - The source did not report experimental dosing, sample provenance beyond species count, or specific statistical parameter estimates; those details are absent from the preprint abstract and metadata.
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Chunhui Hao 1 East China Normal University; * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Chunhui%2BHao%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hao%20C&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3AChunhui%2BHao%2B) * [ORCID record for Chunhui Hao](http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5634-3446 "Open in new tab") * For correspondence: haochunhui1996@gmail.com Naoki Konno 2 Stanford University; * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Naoki%2BKonno%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Konno%20N&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3ANaoki%2BKonno%2B) * [ORCID record for Naoki Konno](http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9561-5002 "Open in new tab") Yang Zhang 3 Nanjing University; * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Yang%2BZhang%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Zhang%20Y&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3AYang%2BZhang%2B) Fangliang He 4 University of Alberta * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Fangliang%2BHe%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=He%20F&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3AFangliang%2BHe%2B) * [ORCID record for Fangliang He](http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-4849 "Open in new tab") * [Abstract](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.22.761225v1)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_art/node:5898276/1) * [Info/History](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.22.761225v1.article-info)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_info/node:5898276/1) * [Metrics](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.22.761225v1.article-metrics)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/article_tab_metrics/node:5898276/1) * [Supplementary material](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.22.761225v1.supplementary-material)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_data/node:5898276/1) * [Data/Code](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.22.761225v1.external-links)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/article_tab_data_code/node:5898276/1) * [ Preview PDF](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.22.761225v1.full.pdf+html)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_pdf/node:5898276/1) ![Loading](https://www.biorxiv.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/panels_ajax_tab/images/loading.gif) ## Abstract Bacterial species span orders of magnitude in growth rate, yet how its evolution is embedded within the broader evolutionary dynamics of other bacterial traits remains poorly understood. We integrated experimentally measured growth rates for 283 bacterial species with 11 genomic, metabolic, ecological and environmental traits, and used multivariate Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models to characterize how growth rate and associated traits coevolve across evolutionary time. Growth rate was best explained by models assuming distinct slow- and fast-growing evolutionary regimes, and evolved toward adaptive optima more rapidly than any other trait examined over longer evolutionary timescales, both when modelled independently and jointly with other traits. Coevolution between growth rate and associated traits was primarily structured by growth-rate regimes, suggesting growth rate serves as a pacemaker of evolution. At instantaneous timescales, six of the eight traits coevolving with growth rate showed unidirectional coupling, including all four environmental traits, with the direction varying among traits. In contrast, ribosomal RNA operon copy number and GC percentage exhibited reciprocal coupling with growth rate. These findings recast bacterial growth strategy from a correlate of trait variation to a major organizing axis shaping bacterial trait evolution across distinct evolutionary timescales. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ## Footnotes * ## Funder Information Declared National Natural Science Foundation of China, 32602311 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, KAKENHI 24KJ0989 Copyright The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a [CC-BY-ND 4.0 International license](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/). bioRxiv and medRxiv thank the following for their generous financial support: > The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, the Sergey Brin Family Foundation, California Institute of Technology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Imperial College London, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, The University of Edinburgh, University of Washington, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. 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