---
title: "Determinants of Lower HPV Vaccination Uptake in Sweden’s School-Based Program (2013–2023)"
id: "pubmed-42727401"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42727401"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Infectious Disease"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/"
doi: "10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129083"
published_at: "2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Determinants of Lower HPV Vaccination Uptake in Sweden’s School-Based Program (2013–2023)
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42727401
- **Specialty:** [Infectious Disease](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/infectious-disease.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/)
- **DOI:** [10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129083](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2026.129083)
- **Published At:** 2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- The article title reports an observational follow-up on the **Swedish National Immunization Program** for girls, covering 2013–2023; the publication is listed in Vaccine (2026) with DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129083 and PMID 42727401. - Authorship is multi-institutional: the study team included investigators from the Public Health Agency of Sweden, Karolinska Institutet, Lund University, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, and the WHO; individual author affiliations are provided in the source. - The source entry identifies the manuscript as a free article and gives bibliographic details (volume/issue identifier 92:129083; Epub 2026 Sep 11). - The PubMed record does not include the study abstract or numeric results in the excerpt provided here; therefore the source did not report specific outcome measures, statistical findings, effect sizes, or sample sizes in the accessible text. - The PubMed entry lists full-text links (Elsevier/LinkingHub). The presence of a full-text link implies more detailed methods and results exist in the publisher record; those details are not present in the provided source content. - Key research topics indicated by the title: **HPV vaccination** uptake, determinants associated with lower uptake, evaluation of a **school-based program** for girls, longitudinal follow-up across a ten-year span (2013–2023). - The PubMed entry provides no trial endpoints, analytic methods, confounder adjustment strategy, or subgroup definitions; the source did not report these methodological details within the excerpt. - Limitations and unanswered questions in this rewrite reflect the absence of reported data in the supplied PubMed excerpt; readers must consult the full text for granular findings, numerical estimates, and formal conclusions.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. [ Skip to main page content ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#article-details) ### NIH Websites Are Changing * [Get the Latest Updates and FAQs on the transition](https://www.nih.gov/web-modernization) * Per [Executive Order 14434](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/09/inaugurating-the-era-of-super-intelligence/), federal agencies are now using "Super Intelligence" (SI) in place of "Artificial Intelligence" (AI). You may see both terms across NIH content during this transition. ![U.S. flag](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png) An official website of the United States government Here's how you know ![Dot gov](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg) **The .gov means it’s official.** Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. ![Https](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg) **The site is secure.** The **https://** ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. [ ![NIH NLM Logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg) ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [Log in](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42727401%2F) Show account info Close #### Account Logged in as: **username** * [Dashboard](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) * [Publications](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/bibliography/) * [Account settings](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/) * [Log out](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/signout/?back_url=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/) [Access keys](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys) [NCBI Homepage](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) [MyNCBI Homepage](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) [Main Content](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#maincontent) [Main Navigation](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/) [ ![pubmed logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/a447896c-976f-490b-b86b-2668b65114a8/core/images/pubmed-logo-blue.svg) ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [ ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/ "Show search bar") Search: [](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/ "Clear search input")Search [Advanced](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/advanced/) [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clipboard/) [ User Guide ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/) Save Email Send to * [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/) * [My Bibliography](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42727401%2F%23open-bibliography-panel) * [Collections](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42727401%2F%23open-collections-panel) * [Citation manager](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/) Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Save citation to file Format: Summary (text) PubMed PMID Abstract (text) CSV Create file Cancel ## Email citation Email address has not been verified. Go to [ My NCBI account settings ](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/settings/) to confirm your email and then refresh this page. To: Subject: Body: Format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) MeSH and other data Send email Cancel ### Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/) Add Cancel ### Add to My Bibliography * My Bibliography Unable to load your delegates due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/) Add Cancel ## Your saved search Name of saved search: Search terms: [Test search terms](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/) Would you like email updates of new search results? Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons * Yes * No Email: ([change](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/)) Frequency: Monthly Weekly Daily Which day? The first Sunday The first Monday The first Tuesday The first Wednesday The first Thursday The first Friday The first Saturday The first day The first weekday Which day? Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Report format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) PubMed Send at most: 1 item 5 items 10 items 20 items 50 items 100 items 200 items Send even when there aren't any new results Optional text in email: Save Cancel ## Create a file for external citation management software Create file Cancel ## Your RSS Feed Name of RSS Feed: Number of items displayed: 5 10 15 20 50 100 Create RSS Cancel RSS Link Copy ### Full text links [![Elsevier Science full text link](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--linkinghub.elsevier.com-ihub-images-elsevieroa.png) Elsevier Science ](https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0264-410X\(26\)00892-3 "See full text options at Elsevier Science") [ Full text links ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/) ### Actions Cite Collections Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/) Add Cancel Permalink Permalink Copy Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ### Experimental Resource Linked Discoveries ### Page navigation * [ Title & authors ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#heading) * [ Abstract ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#abstract) * [ Conflict of interest statement ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#conflict-of-interest) * [Similar articles](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#similar) * [ MeSH terms ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#mesh-terms) * [ Substances ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#substances) * [Related information](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#related-links) * [ LinkOut - more resources ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#linkout) Title & authors Abstract Conflict of interest statement Similar articles MeSH terms Substances Related information LinkOut - more resources Vaccine Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Vaccine%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Vaccine%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/) . 2026 Oct 24:92:129083. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129083. Epub 2026 Sep 11. # Determinants associated with lower HPV vaccination uptake in the school-based program for girls - A follow-up of the Swedish National Immunization Program, 2013-2023 [Emma Appelqvist](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Appelqvist+E&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Preparedness, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: Emma.Appelqvist@folkhalsomyndigheten.se."), [Emma Löf](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=L%C3%B6f+E&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Preparedness, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control \(ECDC\), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden. Electronic address: Emma.Lof@ecdc.europa.eu."), [Sharon Kühlmann-Berenzon](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=K%C3%BChlmann-Berenzon+S&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#full-view-affiliation-3 "European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control \(ECDC\), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden; Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Public Health Analysis and Data Management, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: sharon.kuhlmann@ecdc.europa.eu."), [Alexander Ploner](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ploner+A&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nobels väg 12a, 17165 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: alexander.ploner@ki.se."), [Tiia Lepp](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Lepp+T&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#full-view-affiliation-5 "Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Preparedness, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: tiia.lepp@folkhalsomyndigheten.se."), [Pär Sparén](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Spar%C3%A9n+P&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#full-view-affiliation-6 "Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nobels väg 12a, 17165 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: par.sparen@ki.se."), [Ann Lindstrand](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Lindstrand+A&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#full-view-affiliation-7 "World Health Organization \(WHO\) Headquarters, Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: lindstranda@who.int."), [Kristian Riesbeck](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Riesbeck+K&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 8 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#full-view-affiliation-8 "Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: kristian.riesbeck@med.lu.se."), [Adam Roth](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Roth+A&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 9 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#full-view-affiliation-9 "Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Lund, Sweden; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control \(ECDC\), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden. Electronic address: Adam.Roth@ecdc.europa.eu.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Preparedness, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: Emma.Appelqvist@folkhalsomyndigheten.se. * 2 Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Preparedness, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden. Electronic address: Emma.Lof@ecdc.europa.eu. * 3 European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden; Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Public Health Analysis and Data Management, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: sharon.kuhlmann@ecdc.europa.eu. * 4 Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nobels väg 12a, 17165 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: alexander.ploner@ki.se. * 5 Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Preparedness, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: tiia.lepp@folkhalsomyndigheten.se. * 6 Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nobels väg 12a, 17165 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: par.sparen@ki.se. * 7 World Health Organization (WHO) Headquarters, Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: lindstranda@who.int. * 8 Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: kristian.riesbeck@med.lu.se. * 9 Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Lund, Sweden; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden. Electronic address: Adam.Roth@ecdc.europa.eu. * PMID: **42727401** * DOI: [ 10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129083 ](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129083) Free article Item in Clipboard # Determinants associated with lower HPV vaccination uptake in the school-based program for girls - A follow-up of the Swedish National Immunization Program, 2013-2023 Emma Appelqvist et al. Vaccine. 2026. Free article Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Vaccine Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Vaccine%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Vaccine%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/) . 2026 Oct 24:92:129083. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129083. Epub 2026 Sep 11. ### Authors [Emma Appelqvist](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Appelqvist+E&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Preparedness, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: Emma.Appelqvist@folkhalsomyndigheten.se."), [Emma Löf](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=L%C3%B6f+E&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Preparedness, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control \(ECDC\), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden. Electronic address: Emma.Lof@ecdc.europa.eu."), [Sharon Kühlmann-Berenzon](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=K%C3%BChlmann-Berenzon+S&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#short-view-affiliation-3 "European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control \(ECDC\), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden; Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Public Health Analysis and Data Management, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: sharon.kuhlmann@ecdc.europa.eu."), [Alexander Ploner](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ploner+A&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nobels väg 12a, 17165 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: alexander.ploner@ki.se."), [Tiia Lepp](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Lepp+T&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#short-view-affiliation-5 "Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Preparedness, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: tiia.lepp@folkhalsomyndigheten.se."), [Pär Sparén](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Spar%C3%A9n+P&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#short-view-affiliation-6 "Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nobels väg 12a, 17165 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: par.sparen@ki.se."), [Ann Lindstrand](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Lindstrand+A&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#short-view-affiliation-7 "World Health Organization \(WHO\) Headquarters, Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: lindstranda@who.int."), [Kristian Riesbeck](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Riesbeck+K&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 8 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#short-view-affiliation-8 "Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: kristian.riesbeck@med.lu.se."), [Adam Roth](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Roth+A&cauthor_id=42727401)[ 9 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42727401/#short-view-affiliation-9 "Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Lund, Sweden; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control \(ECDC\), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden. Electronic address: Adam.Roth@ecdc.europa.eu.") ### Affiliations * 1 Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Preparedness, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: Emma.Appelqvist@folkhalsomyndigheten.se. * 2 Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Preparedness, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden. Electronic address: Emma.Lof@ecdc.europa.eu. * 3 European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden; Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Public Health Analysis and Data Management, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: sharon.kuhlmann@ecdc.europa.eu. * 4 Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nobels väg 12a, 17165 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: alexander.ploner@ki.se. * 5 Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Preparedness, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: tiia.lepp@folkhalsomyndigheten.se. * 6 Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nobels väg 12a, 17165 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: par.sparen@ki.se. * 7 World Health Organization (WHO) Headquarters, Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: lindstranda@who.int. * 8 Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: kristian.riesbeck@med.lu.se. * 9 Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Lund, Sweden; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden. Electronic address: Adam.Roth@ecdc.europa.eu. * PMID: **42727401** * DOI
## Related Clinical Research

- [Pharmacokinetic variability of baloxavir marboxil among 14 rare avian species](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/plos-one-16-pharmacokinetic-diversity-of-baloxavir-marboxil-across-rare-avian-species.md)
- [Viral meningitis in Ethiopia: enteroviruses dominate clinical cases and outcomes](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/plos-one-7-the-hidden-burden-of-viral-meningitis-in-ethiopia-etiology-and-clinical-outcomes.md)
- [WHO releases working papers on training and practice in traditional medicine](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/who-0-0-who-launches-working-papers-on-traditional-medicine.md)
- [Global Diagnostics Coalition urges coordinated action to close global diagnostic gap](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/who-0-2-global-diagnostics-coalition-calls-for-collective-action-to-close-the.md)
- [Violence and HIV outcomes in female sex workers: global systematic review and meta-analysis](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/plos-medicine-3-impact-of-violence-on-hiv-outcomes-among-female-sex-workers-a-global-systematic.md)

## Navigation
- [← Back to Infectious Disease Feed](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/infectious-disease.md)
- [← All Clinical Specialties](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed.md)
## Medical & Regulatory Disclaimer

> [!CAUTION]
> MedicHelpline content is structured for research, educational, and professional discovery purposes. It does not constitute individual medical advice, clinical diagnosis, or treatment recommendations.
> Always verify dosing, contraindications, and regulatory alerts against official product labeling and primary regulatory sources before clinical decision-making.