---
title: "Mathematical modeling of how memory CD8 T cells enable post-treatment control of HIV"
id: "biorxiv-1-modeling-how-memory-cd8-t-cells-can-elicit-post-treatment-control-of-hiv"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/biorxiv-1-modeling-how-memory-cd8-t-cells-can-elicit-post-treatment-control-of-hiv"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Infectious Disease"
source_name: "bioRxiv (Biomedical Preprints)"
source_url: "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.01.748582v1?rss=1"
published_at: "2026-09-04T12:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Verified Feed"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Mathematical modeling of how memory CD8 T cells enable post-treatment control of HIV
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/biorxiv-1-modeling-how-memory-cd8-t-cells-can-elicit-post-treatment-control-of-hiv
- **Specialty:** [Infectious Disease](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/infectious-disease.md)
- **Primary Source:** bioRxiv (Biomedical Preprints)
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.01.748582v1?rss=1)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-04T12:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Verified Feed
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- Mathematical modeling combined with SIV non-human primate data was used to investigate mechanisms of lasting **post-treatment control** of HIV following antiretroviral therapy (ART) cessation. - The authors propose that sustained antigenic stimulation during uncontrolled infection induces heritable epigenetic remodeling in the **CD8 T cell** pool that impairs memory cell survivability. - **Antiretroviral therapy** rapidly lowers viremia, halting antigenic stimulation and thereby preserving memory potential of CD8 T cells. - Greater preservation of memory potential during therapy leads to stronger memory recall responses upon viral rebound, promoting durable viral control. - The mathematical model predicts that **post-treatment control** is an alternative stable state to progressive infection, achieved when memory-driven recall responses are sufficiently strong. - The model fits longitudinal virological data across pre-, during-, and post-ART phases and reproduces both progressive disease and long-term remission outcomes observed in the data. - Model results indicate that memory CD8 T cells can drive post-treatment control independently of the size of the **latent reservoir**, offering an explanation for control beyond reservoir-reduction hypotheses. - The analysis identifies a window of treatment initiation times that maximizes the probability of achieving post-treatment control, consistent with data showing earlier treatment favors remission. - Model-derived insights point to interventions targeting **memory CD8 T cells** as potential strategies for HIV remission, although specific interventions were not detailed in the source. - The study integrates empirical SIV data and theoretical modeling to link epigenetic changes, memory preservation by ART, and the dynamics of viral rebound and control.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
Modeling how memory CD8 T cells can elicit post-treatment control of HIV infection | bioRxiv Skip to main content New Results Modeling how memory CD8 T cells can elicit post-treatment control of HIV infection View ORCID Profile Bharadwaj Vemparala , Caroline Passaes , Delphine Desjardins , Valerie Monceaux , Julien Lemaitre , Adeline Melard , Caroline Charre , Mael Gourves , Nastasia Dimant , Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet , Aurelie Barrail-Tran , Helene Gouget , Celine Guillaume , Francis Relouzat , Olivier Lambotte , Michaela Muller-Trutwin , Christine Rouzioux , Veronique Avettand-Fenoel , Roger Le Grand , Asier Saez-Cirion , Narendra M Dixit , Jeremie Guedj doi: https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.01.748582 Bharadwaj Vemparala 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site ORCID record for Bharadwaj Vemparala Caroline Passaes 2 Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, Viral Reservoirs and Immune Control Unit, Paris, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Delphine Desjardins 3 Universite Paris-Saclay, CEA, INSERM, Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS-1184), Fontenay-aux-Roses/Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Valerie Monceaux 2 Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, Viral Reservoirs and Immune Control Unit, Paris, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Julien Lemaitre 3 Universite Paris-Saclay, CEA, INSERM, Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS-1184), Fontenay-aux-Roses/Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Adeline Melard 4 Universite Paris Cite, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104 Paris, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Caroline Charre 4 Universite Paris Cite, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104 Paris, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Mael Gourves 2 Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, Viral Reservoirs and Immune Control Unit, Paris, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Nastasia Dimant 3 Universite Paris-Saclay, CEA, INSERM, Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS-1184), Fontenay-aux-Roses/Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet 3 Universite Paris-Saclay, CEA, INSERM, Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS-1184), Fontenay-aux-Roses/Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Aurelie Barrail-Tran 3 Universite Paris-Saclay, CEA, INSERM, Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS-1184), Fontenay-aux-Roses/Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Helene Gouget 3 Universite Paris-Saclay, CEA, INSERM, Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS-1184), Fontenay-aux-Roses/Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Celine Guillaume 3 Universite Paris-Saclay, CEA, INSERM, Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS-1184), Fontenay-aux-Roses/Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Francis Relouzat 3 Universite Paris-Saclay, CEA, INSERM, Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS-1184), Fontenay-aux-Roses/Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Olivier Lambotte 3 Universite Paris-Saclay, CEA, INSERM, Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS-1184), Fontenay-aux-Roses/Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Michaela Muller-Trutwin 5 Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, Paris, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Christine Rouzioux 6 Universite Paris Cite/APHP Hopital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Veronique Avettand-Fenoel 4 Universite Paris Cite, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104 Paris, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Roger Le Grand 3 Universite Paris-Saclay, CEA, INSERM, Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS-1184), Fontenay-aux-Roses/Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Asier Saez-Cirion 2 Institut Pasteur, Universite Paris Cite, Viral Reservoirs and Immune Control Unit, Paris, France; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Narendra M Dixit 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India; Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Jeremie Guedj 7 Universite Paris Cite, INSERM, IAME, F-75018 Paris, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site For correspondence: jeremie.guedj{at}inserm.fr Abstract Info/History Metrics Supplementary material Preview PDF Abstract While most people living with HIV suffer progressive disease following cessation of antiretroviral therapy, a small fraction elicits lasting post-treatment control. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this control is key to devising effective HIV remission strategies. Although recent studies implicate memory CD8 T cells, how these cells establish lasting viremic control remains unknown. Here, we combine mathematical modeling and analysis of data from SIV-infected non-human primates to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. We recognized that sustained antigenic stimulation leads to heritable epigenetic remodeling of the CD8 T cell pool, impairing memory cell survivability. Antiretroviral therapy rapidly suppresses viremia, thereby arresting antigenic stimulation and preserving memory potential. The greater this preservation is, the better would be the memory recall response following viral rebound post-treatment. Our mathematical model based on this hypothesis predicts that post-treatment control is an alternative steady state to progressive infection, realized by strong memory-driven recall responses. Our model fits longitudinal virological data spanning the pre-, during-, and post-antiretroviral treatment phases of infection, and recapitulates the outcomes of progressive disease and long-term remission realized, the latter predominantly with early treatment initiation. It shows, consistently with data, that memory CD8 T cells could drive post-treatment control independently of the size of the latent reservoir, explaining how such control may be realized more widely than estimated with prevalent hypotheses. Our model further explains the existence of a window of treatment initiation times that maximizes the chances of post-treatment control. Finally, model predictions inform interventions targeting memory CD8 T cells for HIV remission. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. Funder Information Declared IFCPAR/CEFIPRA , 64T4-2 Copyright The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license . Back to top Previous Next Posted September 04, 2026. Download PDF Supplementary Material Email Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about bioRxiv. NOTE: Your email address is requested solely to identify you as the sender of this article. Your Email * Your Name * Send To * Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas. You are going to email the following Modeling how memory CD8 T cells can elicit post-treatment control of HIV infection Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from bioRxiv Message Body (Your Name) thought you would like to see this page from the bioRxiv website. 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Share Modeling how memory CD8 T cells can elicit post-treatment control of HIV infection Bharadwaj Vemparala , Caroline Passaes , Delphine Desjardins , Valerie Monceaux , Julien Lemaitre , Adeline Melard , Caroline Charre , Mael Gourves , Nastasia Dimant , Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet , Aurelie Barrail-Tran , Helene Gouget , Celine Guillaume , Francis Relouzat , Olivier Lambotte , Michaela Muller-Trutwin , Christine Rouzioux , Veronique Avettand-Fenoel , Roger Le Grand , Asier Saez-Cirion , Narendra M Dixit , Jeremie Guedj bioRxiv 2026.09.01.748582; doi: https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.01.748582 Share This Article: Copy Citation Tools Modeling how memory CD8 T cells can elicit post-treatment control of HIV infection Bharadwaj Vemparala , Caroline Passaes , Delphine Desjardins , Valerie Monceaux , Julien Lemaitre , Adeline Melard , Caroline Charre , Mael Gourves , Nastasia Dimant , Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet , Aurelie Barrail-Tran , Helene Gouget , Celine Guillaume , Francis Relouzat , Olivier Lambotte , Michaela Muller-Trutwin , Christine Rouzioux , Veronique Avettand-Fenoel , Roger Le Grand , Asier Saez-Cirion , Narendra M Dixit , Jeremie Guedj bioRxiv 2026.09.01.748582; doi: https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.01.748582 Citation Manager Formats BibTeX Bookends EasyBib EndNote (tagged) EndNote 8 (xml) Medlars Mendeley Papers RefWorks Tagged Ref Manager RIS Zotero Tweet Widget Facebook Like Google Plus One Subject Area Immunology Subject Areas All Articles Animal Behavior and Cognition (7966) Biochemistry (18614) Bioengineering (14761) Bioinformatics (44122) Biophysics (22445) Cancer Biology (19580) Cell Biology (26730) Clinical Trials (138) Developmental Biology (13897) Ecology (20880) Epidemiology (2067) Evolutionary Biology (25311) Genetics (16095) Genomics (23385) Immunology (18592) Microbiology (42208) Molecular Biology (17937) Neuroscience (92844) Paleontology (693) Pathology (2968) Pharmacology and Toxicology (5062) Physiology (8059) Plant Biology (15899) Scientific Communication and Education (2091) Synthetic Biology (4538) Systems Biology (10182) Zoology (2375)
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