---
title: "Mechanistic Multiclass Model of Vaccine-Induced Humoral Response"
id: "biorxiv-3-a-multiclass-mechanistic-model-of-vaccine-induced-humoral-response"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/biorxiv-3-a-multiclass-mechanistic-model-of-vaccine-induced-humoral-response"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Infectious Disease"
source_name: "bioRxiv (Biomedical Preprints)"
source_url: "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.14.759230v1?rss=1"
published_at: "2026-10-20T12:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Verified Feed"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Mechanistic Multiclass Model of Vaccine-Induced Humoral Response
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/biorxiv-3-a-multiclass-mechanistic-model-of-vaccine-induced-humoral-response
- **Specialty:** [Infectious Disease](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/infectious-disease.md)
- **Primary Source:** bioRxiv (Biomedical Preprints)
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.14.759230v1?rss=1)
- **Published At:** 2026-10-20T12:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Verified Feed
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- The authors developed a mechanistic mathematical model that integrates vaccine regimen features, **immunogen kinetics**, multiclass **B-cell** dynamics, and **germinal center** processes to represent vaccine-induced humoral immunity. - Model calibration used data from the G001 HIV vaccine trial testing **eOD-GT8**, a germline-targeting immunogen intended to activate **VRC01-class** precursor B cells. - The model reproduced observed patterns of B-cell and **antibody** responses reported in the trial, according to the preprint authors. - Investigators estimated class-specific activation rates and competition parameters; memory B cells showed higher activation rates than naive B cells, the authors reported. - Within-class competition exceeded between-class competition; the strongest competition occurred among **VRC01-class** B cells, per the model outputs. - The model allowed exploration of identifiability for competition parameters, enabling interrogation of how parameter uncertainty affects inferred dynamics. - Authors noted that class-specific activation and competition shape both magnitude and composition of vaccine-induced humoral responses and may influence expansion of broadly neutralizing antibody precursors. - The preprint does not report detailed dosing schedules, numerical parameter values, sample sizes, or other trial-level specifics beyond stating the model calibration to G001 trial data. - The framework is presented as a quantitative tool to dissect multiclass B-cell competition and to evaluate how vaccination strategies might modulate humoral immunity; practical translational steps or regulatory milestones were not reported.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Sarafa Adewale Iyaniwura Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Sarafa%2B%2BAdewale%2BIyaniwura%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Iyaniwura%20S&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3ASarafa%2B%2BAdewale%2BIyaniwura%2B) * For correspondence: iyaniwura@aims.ac.za Bryan T Mayer Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Bryan%2BT%2BMayer%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Mayer%20BT&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3ABryan%2BT%2BMayer%2B) William Hahn Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=William%2BHahn%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hahn%20W&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3AWilliam%2BHahn%2B) Soo-Young Kim Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Soo-Young%2BKim%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Kim%20S&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3ASoo-Young%2BKim%2B) Yunda Huang Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Yunda%2BHuang%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Huang%20Y&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3AYunda%2BHuang%2B) Olivier Hyrien Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Olivier%2BHyrien%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hyrien%20O&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3AOlivier%2BHyrien%2B) * [Abstract](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.14.759230v1)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_art/node:5885903/1) * [Info/History](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.14.759230v1.article-info)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_info/node:5885903/1) * [Metrics](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.14.759230v1.article-metrics)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/article_tab_metrics/node:5885903/1) * [ Preview PDF](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.14.759230v1.full.pdf+html)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_pdf/node:5885903/1) ![Loading](https://www.biorxiv.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/panels_ajax_tab/images/loading.gif) ## Abstract Vaccine-induced humoral immunity emerges from complex interactions among competing B-cell populations and antibody production in response to antigen exposure, yet the mechanisms governing these interactions remain only partially understood. We developed a mechanistic mathematical model that integrates vaccine regimen features, immunogen kinetics, multiclass B-cell dynamics, and germinal center processes. The model was calibrated to data from the G001 HIV vaccine trial evaluating eOD-GT8, a germline-targeting immunogen designed to activate VRC01-class precursor B cells capable of developing into broadly neutralizing antibody-producing cells. The model reproduced key features of the observed B-cell and antibody responses, enabled estimation of class-specific activation and competition parameters, and supported investigation of the identifiability of competition parameters. Activation rates varied across B-cell classes, with memory B cells exhibiting substantially higher activation rates than naive B cells. Importantly, competition was stronger within than between classes, with the strongest competition occurring among VRC01-class B cells. These findings suggest that class-specific differences in activation and competition shape the magnitude and composition of vaccine-induced humoral response and may influence the expansion of broadly neutralizing antibody precursors. More broadly, the model provides a quantitative framework for dissecting multiclass B-cell competition and antibody responses, and for evaluating how vaccination strategies shape humoral immunity. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ## Funder Information Declared National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), UM1 AI068614, UM1 AI068635, R37AI029168 Gates Foundation Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD), INV-027499 Copyright The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a [CC-BY 4.0 International license](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). bioRxiv and medRxiv thank the following for their generous financial support: > The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, the Sergey Brin Family Foundation, California Institute of Technology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Imperial College London, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, The University of Edinburgh, University of Washington, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. 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[ Download PDF](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.14.759230v1.full.pdf) Print/Save Options [Download PDF](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/20/2026.10.14.759230.full.pdf)Full Text & In-line FiguresXML [More Info](https://www.biorxiv.org/about/FAQ#PrintOptions "More Information on Print/Save Options") [ Email](https://www.biorxiv.org/ "Email this Article") [ Share](https://www.biorxiv.org/) A Multiclass Mechanistic Model of Vaccine-Induced Humoral Response Sarafa Adewale Iyaniwura, Bryan T Mayer, William Hahn, Soo-Young Kim, Yunda Huang, Olivier Hyrien bioRxiv 2026.10.14.759230; doi: https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.14.759230 This article is a preprint and has not been certified by peer review [[what does this mean?](https://www.biorxiv.org/about/FAQ#unrefereed)]. 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