---
title: "Optimizing Point-of-Care Infant HIV Testing Locations in Zimbabwe to Maximize Life Expectancy and"
id: "pubmed-42664273"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42664273"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Infectious Disease"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/"
doi: "10.1371/journal.pone.0350921"
published_at: "2026-08-28T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Optimizing Point-of-Care Infant HIV Testing Locations in Zimbabwe to Maximize Life Expectancy and
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42664273
- **Specialty:** [Infectious Disease](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/infectious-disease.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/)
- **DOI:** [10.1371/journal.pone.0350921](https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0350921)
- **Published At:** 2026-08-28T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- Early virologic diagnosis is essential for timely antiretroviral therapy (ART) in infants but centralized lab testing causes delays; **point-of-care (POC)** testing can provide same-day results and faster treatment initiation. - The study linked the validated CEPAC-Pediatric microsimulation model with a location-optimization model using detailed subnational program data for 122 clinics across Matabeleland South's 7 districts in Zimbabwe. - Two testing strategies were simulated: conventional laboratory-based testing and **POC machine**–based testing; primary outcomes included 30-day result-return, 30-day ART initiation for children with HIV (CWH), life expectancy (LE), HIV-related healthcare costs, and net health benefit (NHB). - With 17 POC devices in their current locations, model projections estimated 43.8% of tested infants would receive results within 30 days and 41.6% of CWH would start ART within 30 days; undiscounted LE was 67.85 years (25.91 years among CWH) and average discounted lifetime costs were $202 per infant. - Re-optimizing device locations to maximize LE kept 6 devices in place and moved 11 to new sites, increasing projected 30-day result-return to 52.6% and 30-day ART initiation to 50.0%; LE rose to 67.88 years overall and to 27.04 years among CWH, with costs of $211 per infant. - Maximizing NHB produced the same optimal locations as maximizing LE when willingness-to-pay was ≥ $1,164 (about 66% of Zimbabwe’s GDP per capita). Adding more optimally located machines further improved LE. - Ensuring at least one machine per district while maximizing LE would require one additional device and would increase 30-day result-return to 53.3%, 30-day ART initiation to 50.6%, and LE to 67.88 years overall (27.11 for CWH), costing $212 per infant. - The authors conclude that data-driven optimization of **POC** machine placement can improve HIV detection, increase life expectancy, and raise net health benefit for infants tested for HIV in Zimbabwe.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. [ Skip to main page content ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#article-details) ![U.S. flag](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png) An official website of the United States government Here's how you know ![Dot gov](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg) **The .gov means it’s official.** Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. ![Https](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg) **The site is secure.** The **https://** ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. [ ![NIH NLM Logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg) ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [Log in](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42664273%2F) Show account info Close #### Account Logged in as: **username** * [Dashboard](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) * [Publications](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/bibliography/) * [Account settings](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/) * [Log out](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/signout/?back_url=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/) [Access keys](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys) [NCBI Homepage](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) [MyNCBI Homepage](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) [Main Content](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#maincontent) [Main Navigation](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/) [ ![pubmed logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/af7de7da-df5d-41c6-8de4-8c266af8ccfb/core/images/pubmed-logo-blue.svg) ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [ ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/ "Show search bar") Search: [](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/ "Clear search input")Search [Advanced](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/advanced/) [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clipboard/) [ User Guide ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/) Save Email Send to * [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/) * [My Bibliography](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42664273%2F%23open-bibliography-panel) * [Collections](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42664273%2F%23open-collections-panel) * [Citation manager](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/) Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Save citation to file Format: Summary (text) PubMed PMID Abstract (text) CSV Create file Cancel ## Email citation Email address has not been verified. Go to [ My NCBI account settings ](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/settings/) to confirm your email and then refresh this page. To: Subject: Body: Format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) MeSH and other data Send email Cancel ### Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/) Add Cancel ### Add to My Bibliography * My Bibliography Unable to load your delegates due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/) Add Cancel ## Your saved search Name of saved search: Search terms: [Test search terms](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/) Would you like email updates of new search results? Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons * Yes * No Email: ([change](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/)) Frequency: Monthly Weekly Daily Which day? The first Sunday The first Monday The first Tuesday The first Wednesday The first Thursday The first Friday The first Saturday The first day The first weekday Which day? Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Report format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) PubMed Send at most: 1 item 5 items 10 items 20 items 50 items 100 items 200 items Send even when there aren't any new results Optional text in email: Save Cancel ## Create a file for external citation management software Create file Cancel ## Your RSS Feed Name of RSS Feed: Number of items displayed: 5 10 15 20 50 100 Create RSS Cancel RSS Link Copy ### Actions Cite Collections Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/) Add Cancel Permalink Permalink Copy Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ### Page navigation * [ Title & authors ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#heading) * [ Abstract ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#abstract) * [ Conflict of interest statement ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#conflict-of-interest) * [ MeSH terms ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#mesh-terms) Title & authors Abstract Conflict of interest statement MeSH terms PLoS One Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22PLoS+One%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22PLoS+One%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/) . 2026 Aug 28;21(8):e0350921. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0350921. eCollection 2026. # Optimizing the location of point-of-care infant HIV testing devices in Zimbabwe to maximize impact and value: A modeling analysis [Carolina Vivas-Valencia](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Vivas-Valencia+C&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-1 "The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Center for Health Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America."), [Karen A Webb](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Webb+KA&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Organization for Public Health Interventions and Development, Harare, Zimbabwe."), [Clare F Flanagan](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Flanagan+CF&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America."), [Kudakwashe Takarinda](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Takarinda+K&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Organization for Public Health Interventions and Development, Harare, Zimbabwe."), [Elif Coskun](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Coskun+E&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America."), [Anesu Chimwaza](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chimwaza+A&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-5 "Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care, National PMTCT Program, Harare, Zimbabwe."), [Caitlin M Dugdale](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Dugdale+CM&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.")[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-6 "Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America."), [Adam Chindore](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chindore+A&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Organization for Public Health Interventions and Development, Harare, Zimbabwe."), [Kenneth A Freedberg](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Freedberg+KA&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.")[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-6 "Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.")[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-7 "Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America."), [Angela Mushavi](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mushavi+A&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-5 "Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care, National PMTCT Program, Harare, Zimbabwe."), [Mohammad S Jalali](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Jalali+MS&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Center for Health Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America."), [Andrea L Ciaranello](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ciaranello+AL&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.")[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#full-view-affiliation-6 "Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America. * 2 Center for Health Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. * 3 Organization for Public Health Interventions and Development, Harare, Zimbabwe. * 4 Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. * 5 Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care, National PMTCT Program, Harare, Zimbabwe. * 6 Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. * 7 Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. * PMID: **42664273** * DOI: [ 10.1371/journal.pone.0350921 ](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0350921) Item in Clipboard # Optimizing the location of point-of-care infant HIV testing devices in Zimbabwe to maximize impact and value: A modeling analysis Carolina Vivas-Valencia et al. PLoS One. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID PLoS One Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22PLoS+One%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22PLoS+One%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/) . 2026 Aug 28;21(8):e0350921. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0350921. eCollection 2026. ### Authors [Carolina Vivas-Valencia](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Vivas-Valencia+C&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-1 "The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Center for Health Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America."), [Karen A Webb](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Webb+KA&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Organization for Public Health Interventions and Development, Harare, Zimbabwe."), [Clare F Flanagan](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Flanagan+CF&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America."), [Kudakwashe Takarinda](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Takarinda+K&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Organization for Public Health Interventions and Development, Harare, Zimbabwe."), [Elif Coskun](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Coskun+E&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America."), [Anesu Chimwaza](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chimwaza+A&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-5 "Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care, National PMTCT Program, Harare, Zimbabwe."), [Caitlin M Dugdale](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Dugdale+CM&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.")[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-6 "Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America."), [Adam Chindore](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chindore+A&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Organization for Public Health Interventions and Development, Harare, Zimbabwe."), [Kenneth A Freedberg](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Freedberg+KA&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.")[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-6 "Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.")[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-7 "Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America."), [Angela Mushavi](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mushavi+A&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-5 "Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care, National PMTCT Program, Harare, Zimbabwe."), [Mohammad S Jalali](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Jalali+MS&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Center for Health Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America."), [Andrea L Ciaranello](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ciaranello+AL&cauthor_id=42664273)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.")[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42664273/#short-view-affiliation-6 "Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.") ### Affiliations * 1 The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America. * 2 Center for Health Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. * 3 Organization for Public Health Interventions and Development, Harare, Zimbabwe. * 4 Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. * 5 Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care, National PMTCT Program, Harare, Zimbabwe. * 6 Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. * 7 Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. * PMID: **42664273** * DOI: [ 10.1371/journal.pone.0350921 ](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0350921) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract **Background:** Early HIV diagnosis in infants is essential for timely antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, but requires virologic testing - often performed in centralized laboratories, which can delay results and treatment initiation. Point-of-care (POC) testing delivers same-day results, facilitating prompt diagnosis and treatment, but availability is limited in low-resource settings. We aimed to optimally locate POC machines to improve life expectancy (LE) and net health benefit (NHB) for infants born to people with HIV in Zimbabwe. **Methods:** We linked the validated CEPAC-Pediatric HIV microsimulation model, populated with detailed subnational programmatic data, with a location-optimization model for 122 clinics in Matabeleland South's 7 districts. Simulating two testing strategies - conventional laboratory-based and POC machine-based - we projected: 30-day result-return, 30-day ART initiation for children with HIV (CWH), LE, HIV-related healthcare costs, and NHB. We maximized LE or NHB for infants tested at 6-10 weeks old. **Findings:** With 17 POC devices in current locations, a projected 43.8% of tested infants would receive HIV test results, with 41.6% of CWH starting ART within 30 days. Undiscounted LE would be 67.85 years (25.91 among CWH), with average discounted lifetime costs of $202/infant. Optimizing locations to maximize LE would retain 6 devices in current locations and move 11 to new sites, leading to projected 52.6% 30-day result-return, 50.0% 30-day ART initiation, and 67.88 years LE (27.04 among CWH), costing $211/infant. Maximizing NHB with a willingness-to-pay threshold ≥ $1,164 (66% of Zimbabwe's GDP per capita) would render the same optimal locations as maximizing LE. Additional optimally-located machines would further improve LE. Ensuring one machine per district while maximizing LE would require one additional machine and would increase 30-day result-return (to 53.3%), ART initiation (to 50.6%), and LE (to 67.88 years, 27.11 for CWH), costing $212/infant. **Interpretation:** Data-driven optimization of POC machine location could improve HIV detection and increase life expectancy and net health benefit for infants undergoing HIV testing in Zimbabwe. Copyright: © 2026 Vivas-Valencia et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Conflict of interest statement The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. ## MeSH terms * Female
## Related Clinical Research

- [Modeling the potential benefits of on-demand PrEP (2-1-1) for cisgender women in South Africa](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/plos-one-6-estimated-benefits-of-providing-on-demand-pre-exposure-prophylaxis-options-for.md)
- [Once-weekly islatravir‑lenacapavir single‑tablet switch is non‑inferior to daily ART at 48 weeks i](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42586113.md) (DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01442-X)
- [Gendered barriers to participation in a peer-led physical activity program for adolescents with HI](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/medrxiv-0-unequal-starting-lines-gendered-barriers-to-participation-and-outcomes-in-a.md)
- [Machine-learning adaptive forecasts for antiretroviral therapy demand in India’s national HIV prog](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/medrxiv-22-adaptive-forecasting-of-antiretroviral-therapy-demand-using-machine-learning-in.md)
- [Case report: ADMIO type 1 linked to de novo STAT3 gain-of-function mutation](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/frontiers-in-immunology-16-a-case-report-of-admio-type-1-caused-by-a-de-novo-stat3-gain-of-function.md)

## Navigation
- [← Back to Infectious Disease Feed](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/infectious-disease.md)
- [← All Clinical Specialties](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed.md)
## Medical & Regulatory Disclaimer

> [!CAUTION]
> MedicHelpline content is structured for research, educational, and professional discovery purposes. It does not constitute individual medical advice, clinical diagnosis, or treatment recommendations.
> Always verify dosing, contraindications, and regulatory alerts against official product labeling and primary regulatory sources before clinical decision-making.