---
title: "Three-part early therapy cleared SHIV in infant primates — implications for newborn HIV treatment"
id: "medical-news-today-0-3-part-treatment-may-eliminate-hiv-in-newborns-according-to-animal-study"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/medical-news-today-0-3-part-treatment-may-eliminate-hiv-in-newborns-according-to-animal-study"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Infectious Disease"
source_name: "Medical News Today"
source_url: "https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/3-part-treatment-may-eliminate-hiv-in-newborns-animal-study/"
published_at: "2026-08-16T06:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Verified Feed"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Three-part early therapy cleared SHIV in infant primates — implications for newborn HIV treatment
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/medical-news-today-0-3-part-treatment-may-eliminate-hiv-in-newborns-according-to-animal-study
- **Specialty:** [Infectious Disease](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/infectious-disease.md)
- **Primary Source:** Medical News Today
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/3-part-treatment-may-eliminate-hiv-in-newborns-animal-study/)
- **Published At:** 2026-08-16T06:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Verified Feed
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- Researchers at Oregon Health and Science University tested a **three-part combination therapy** in infant rhesus macaques infected with simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) to prevent establishment of viral reservoirs. - The study exposed 55 one-month-old macaques to SHIV and compared seven treatment strategies, including antiretroviral therapy (**ART**), two broadly neutralizing antibodies (**bNAbs**), and the experimental monoclonal antibody **leronlimab**, given alone and in combinations. - In the final experiment, eight macaques received all three therapies 72 hours after exposure: one dose of two bNAbs, nine weekly doses of leronlimab, and daily ART for 27 weeks. - All eight macaques in the triple-therapy group had detectable virus at treatment start; after the combined regimen and treatment cessation, the virus did not rebound during follow-up. - Over six months of follow-up there was no detectable viral DNA in blood; subsequent CD8 T cell depletion did not produce viral rebound; tissue sampling up to 84 weeks after exposure found no detectable SHIV. - Other single or two-part approaches reduced viral levels but did not reliably prevent viral return. - Experts interviewed were cautiously optimistic: Jagdish Khubchandani, PhD, MPH, and Jagmohan Batra, MD, emphasized biological plausibility, primate model relevance, and challenges translating to human newborns. - Key translation issues include identifying infected human infants rapidly, determining safe and effective dosing in newborns, efficacy when treatment begins beyond 72 hours after exposure, and overall safety in neonates. - The study is published in Nature Microbiology; authors state findings suggest early, multi-pronged therapy may prevent permanent reservoir formation in this primate model, but applicability to humans remains unproven.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Erika Watts on August 16, 2026 — Fact checked by Jill Seladi-Schulman, Ph.D. ![gloved hand adjusting test tubes in laboratory](https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2026/08/getty_2277442936_header_1296x728-1024x575.jpg)[Share on Pinterest](https://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalnewstoday.com%2Farticles%2F3-part-treatment-may-eliminate-hiv-in-newborns-animal-study&media=https%3A%2F%2Fmedia.post.rvohealth.io%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F3%2F2026%2F08%2Fgetty_2277442936_header_1296x728-1024x575.jpg&description=HIV%20in%20newborns%3A%203-pronged%20approach%20offers%20hope%20for%20elimination "Share on Pinterest")Could a 3-part treatment eliminate HIV in newborns? A study in monkeys offers hope. vm/ Getty Images * **Researchers at Oregon Health and Science University recently conducted a study on treating a virus similar to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in infant monkeys.** * **They tested a combination of three therapies that target the virus.** * **The virus did not return in any of the eight macaques that received all three treatments, even after treatment stopped.** Around 120,000 children worldwide are [diagnosed with HIVTrusted Source](https://www.cdc.gov/global-hiv-tb/php/our-approach/briefbook-pmtct.html) each year, who typically [acquire it from their mothers](https://hivinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/hiv-and-children) during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. Certain [treatments](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324300) can prevent HIV from progressing to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ([AIDS](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/hiv-aids)). However, they do not eliminate the virus completely, so it can return if treatment stops. As researchers continue searching for ways to prevent or cure HIV, scientists involved in a new study tested a combination of treatments in primates. **They found that starting a three-part treatment within 3 days of exposure may stop a similar virus from becoming permanently established.** The study is published in [Nature MicrobiologyTrusted Source](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-026-02444-x). ## 3-pronged approach against viral infection The [World Health Organization (WHO)Trusted Source](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids) describes HIV as “a virus that attacks the body’s immune system.” Without treatment, HIV can progress to AIDS. [HIV-related deaths](https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet) have declined over the years, and improvements in treatments such as antiretroviral therapy (ART) have contributed to this. While [ART](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323897) can suppress HIV and stop it from turning into AIDS, it does not eliminate the hidden reservoirs of the virus. These reservoirs allow the virus to [remain inactive](https://hivinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/what-latent-hiv-reservoir) in the body and begin multiplying again if treatment stops. The researchers studied 55 male and female infant rhesus macaques. When the monkeys were around 1 month old, the scientists exposed them to simian-human immunodeficiency virus ([SHIV](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1797486/)), a virus that causes illness similar to AIDS. The team compared seven treatment approaches aimed at preventing the virus from forming permanent reservoirs. **The approaches included ART, two broadly neutralizing antibodies ([bNAbs](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11209272/)), and [leronlimabTrusted Source](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39972543/), an experimental monoclonal antibody. The researchers tested the therapies individually and in different combinations.** For the final experiment, they gave eight of the monkeys all three therapies at 72 hours after being exposed to SHIV. At this point, the researchers could already detect the virus in the macaques’ blood. The monkeys received one dose of two bNAbs, 9 weekly doses of leronlimab, and daily ART for 27 weeks. After treatment ended, the researchers monitored the monkeys to see whether the virus returned. They later depleted the animals’ [CD8 T cellsTrusted Source](https://www.nature.com/articles/s12276-023-01105-x) to make sure the virus was truly gone rather than being hidden or controlled by the immune system. ## Triple therapy prevented viral rebound in primates The study authors noted that previous research using ART alone or ART combined with bNAbs did not consistently prevent the virus from returning. The researchers saw similar results in this study. The individual and two-part treatments lowered virus levels, but it eventually returned. The outcome was different when the researchers combined all three treatments. **All eight macaques in the triple-treatment group had detectable virus when they began receiving**[**ART**](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324013)**, bNAbs, and leronlimab. Not only did the treatment suppress the virus, but it also did not return after the researchers stopped ART at week 27.** Over 6 months of follow-up, the researchers found no viral DNA in the monkeys’ blood. When they later depleted the animals’ CD8 T cells, they still detected no viral rebound. At 84 weeks after exposure, the scientists still found no detectable SHIV in the tissue samples. While they cannot yet say whether the treatment will work in human newborns, the findings offer hope that HIV detected and treated shortly after infection could potentially be cleared. ## Are the findings likely to apply to humans? [Jagdish Khubchandani](https://publichealth.nmsu.edu/about-us/faculty-directory/faculty/jagdish-khubchandani.html), PhD, MPH, a public health professor at New Mexico State University, who was not involved in this research, told _Medical News Today_ that he was excited about the study results, but said he remains “cautiously optimistic.” “This is a multipronged approach that makes a lot of biological sense,” Khubchandani said, explaining that the therapies target different stages of early infection. **Khubchandani said the use of primates made him more optimistic about the results. He pointed out that primates “mirror our biology in numerous ways, have a history of testing for HIV, and what we know from primates about HIV has been highly valuable so far.”** However, Khubchandani said applying the findings to human newborns could prove difficult and that clinicians would need to identify babies who acquired HIV and begin treatment shortly after birth. He noted that the researchers must also determine the appropriate dose, whether the treatment works when started beyond three days after exposure, and whether it is safe and effective in human newborns. [Jagmohan Batra](https://www.memorialcare.org/providers/jagmohan-s-batra), MD, a pediatric infectious disease specialist and medical director of Bickerstaff Family Center at Miller Children’s and Women’s Hospital Long Beach, likewise not involved in the study, also spoke with _MNT_. Batra said the findings are “very important.” “A single therapy may control viral replication or decrease the reservoir but does not seem to eliminate it,” said Batra. He noted that by targeting HIV in three different ways, the combination may have a better chance of preventing a permanent viral reservoir from forming. Batra said the primate findings make it plausible that the treatment could also work in human newborns. However, he said that determining when a baby acquires HIV could complicate things. “The longer the infection persists, there are likely more reservoirs established and in more tissue types,” he explained. Batra said the approach might initially be most useful for babies at high risk of acquiring HIV during delivery while clinicians await their birth test results. * [HIV and AIDS](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/hiv-aids) * [Infectious Diseases / Bacteria / Viruses](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/infectious_diseases) * [Pediatrics / Children's Health](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/pediatrics) ### How we reviewed this article: History Share this article [](https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalnewstoday.com%2Farticles%2F3-part-treatment-may-eliminate-hiv-in-newborns-animal-study%3Futm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_source%3Dfacebook%26utm_campaign%3Dsocial-sharebar-referred-desktop "Share on Facebook") [](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?via=mnt&text=HIV%20in%20newborns%3A%203-pronged%20approach%20offers%20hope%20for%20elimination&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalnewstoday.com%2Farticles%2F3-part-treatment-may-eliminate-hiv-in-newborns-animal-study%3Futm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_source%3Dx%26utm_campaign%3Dsocial-sharebar-referred-desktop "Share on X") ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2021/10/Erika-Watts-Bio-500x500-1.png?w=105&h=105) Written by Erika Watts on August 16, 2026 — Fact checked by Jill Seladi-Schulman, Ph.D. ## Was this article helpful? YesNo ### Read next * [![Thumbnail for article: Duo of antiviral drugs strongly inhibits SARS-CoV-2 in the lab](https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/06/GettyImages-1208505324-732x549.jpg)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/healthy/duo-of-antiviral-drugs-strongly-inhibits-sars-cov-2-in-the-lab/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) [Duo of antiviral drugs strongly inhibits SARS-CoV-2 in the lab](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/healthy/duo-of-antiviral-drugs-strongly-inhibits-sars-cov-2-in-the-lab/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) ![Headshot of James Kingsland](https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/12/James-Kingsland-500x500-Bio.png) Written by: [James Kingsland](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/authors/james-kingsland) [A combination of two antiviral drugs can strongly inhibit the new coronavirus in cell culture experiments, potentially paving the way for a treatment.](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/healthy/duo-of-antiviral-drugs-strongly-inhibits-sars-cov-2-in-the-lab/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) * [![Thumbnail for article: Lenacapavir injection lowers HIV risk by 96%](https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2024/12/injection-vials-factory-732x549-thumbnail.jpg)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/lenacapavir-injection-lowers-hiv-risk-by-96/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) [Lenacapavir injection lowers HIV risk by 96%](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/lenacapavir-injection-lowers-hiv-risk-by-96/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) [Lenacapavir, an antiretroviral drug typically used to treat HIV infections, can also effectively prevent them, a phase 3 clinical trial has shown.](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/lenacapavir-injection-lowers-hiv-risk-by-96/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) * [![Thumbnail for article: Contracting the new coronavirus may protect against future reinfection](https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/03/iStock-1150744823-732x549.jpg)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/healthy/contracting-the-new-coronavirus-may-protect-against-future-re-infections/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) [Contracting the new coronavirus may protect against future reinfection](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/healthy/contracting-the-new-coronavirus-may-protect-against-future-re-infections/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) [New research in four rhesus macaques finds that infection with the new coronavirus could protect against repeated infection in the future.](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/healthy/contracting-the-new-coronavirus-may-protect-against-future-re-infections/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) * [![Thumbnail for article: HIV: Newly discovered component could lead to more effective drugs](https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/02/test-tubes-with-hiv-label.jpg)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/healthy/312291/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) [HIV: Newly discovered component could lead to more effective drugs](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/healthy/312291/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) [Scientists have uncovered a feature that HIV uses to infect cells while avoiding immune system detection. This finding could lead to improved treatments.](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/healthy/312291/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) * [![Thumbnail for article: Doctors Cure Baby Born With HIV For First Time](https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/02/image1-695.jpg)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/257138/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) [Doctors Cure Baby Born With HIV For First Time](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/257138/?utm_source=ReadNextRAAS) [Researchers report the first functional HIV cure of an infant who was administered aggressive antiretroviral treatment thirty hours after being born.](https://www.medica
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