---
title: "Fatigue in Parkinson’s Disease: Associations with Motor and Non‑Motor Symptoms"
id: "pubmed-42773252"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42773252"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Neurology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773252/"
doi: "10.1007/s10072-026-09416-3"
published_at: "2026-09-23T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Fatigue in Parkinson’s Disease: Associations with Motor and Non‑Motor Symptoms
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42773252
- **Specialty:** [Neurology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/neurology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773252/)
- **DOI:** [10.1007/s10072-026-09416-3](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10072-026-09416-3)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-23T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationship between **fatigue** and a broad set of motor and non-motor features in 80 patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). - Fatigue was measured with the **Fatigue Severity Scale**. Demographic, motor and non-motor profiles were collected and analyzed with regression methods. - Patients with fatigue had longer disease duration and higher Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) stage scores compared with non‑fatigued patients. - Fatigued patients showed more severe motor impairment impacting activities of daily living, measured by **UPDRS‑II**. - Non-motor comorbidities—higher levels of **anxiety** (HAMA), **depression**, **apathy**, sleep disturbances, **excessive daytime sleepiness** (ESS), and frontal executive dysfunction—were more frequent or more severe in fatigued patients. - Multiple linear regression identified **excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS)** and **anxiety (HAMA)** as independent correlates of fatigue severity. - Logistic regression found female sex, higher **UPDRS‑II** scores, higher ESS and HAMA scores independently associated with the presence of fatigue; higher education level was associated with lower odds of fatigue. - The authors conclude that **non-motor symptoms** exert a greater influence on PD-related fatigue than motor dysfunction alone, and they recommend prospective interventional studies to test if treating these non-motor comorbidities improves fatigue. - Study ethics: approved by the Ethics Committee of Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University (No. KY21133); informed consent obtained. - Limitations specific to sample size, cross-sectional design and detailed numeric results beyond those reported were not provided in the abstract.
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Lzhang8923@126.com.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Neurology, Wuxi Second People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214000, China. * 2 Department of Neurology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, China. Lzhang8923@126.com. * PMID: **42773252** * DOI: [ 10.1007/s10072-026-09416-3 ](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-026-09416-3) Item in Clipboard # Association of fatigue and other non-motor and motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease Siming Jiang et al. Neurol Sci. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Neurol Sci Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neurol+Sci%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Neurol+Sci%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773252/) . 2026 Sep 23;47(10):800. doi: 10.1007/s10072-026-09416-3. ### Authors [Siming Jiang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Jiang+S&cauthor_id=42773252)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773252/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Neurology, Wuxi Second People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214000, China."), [Li Zhang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhang+L&cauthor_id=42773252)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773252/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Neurology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, China. Lzhang8923@126.com.") ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Neurology, Wuxi Second People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214000, China. * 2 Department of Neurology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, China. Lzhang8923@126.com. * PMID: **42773252** * DOI: [ 10.1007/s10072-026-09416-3 ](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-026-09416-3) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract **Background:** Fatigue is a frequent and disabling non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD), which negatively affects patients' quality of life. The objective was to explore the association between fatigue and a comprehensive panel of non-motor and motor symptoms of PD. **Methods:** We conducted a cross-sectional study including 80 PD patients. Fatigue was assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale. Demographic data, motor and non-motor symptoms were evaluated. Regression analyses were applied to analyse the impact of different variables on fatigue. **Results:** Fatigued patients exhibited longer disease duration, higher H&Y scale scores, more severe motor symptoms affecting activities of daily living (ADLs), and higher levels of anxiety, depression, and apathy. They also presented with more severe sleep disturbances, excessive daytime sleepiness, and frontal executive dysfunction. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that fatigue severity was independently associated with excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS) and anxiety (HAMA). Logistic regression analysis identified female gender, higher Unified PD Rating Scale Part II (UPDRS-II) scores, higher ESS and HAMA scores as independent factors associated with the presence of fatigue; higher education level was associated with a lower risk of fatigue. **Conclusion:** Non-motor symptoms have a greater impact on PD-related fatigue than motor dysfunction per se, with excessive daytime sleepiness and anxiety being the most significant independent correlates. Female gender and severe motor symptoms affecting ADLs are also associated with an increased risk of fatigue in PD patients. Prospective interventional studies are warranted to verify the potential benefit of managing these non-motor comorbidities. **Keywords:** Fatigue; Fatigue Severity Scale; Non-motor symptoms; Parkinson's disease. © 2026. Fondazione Società Italiana di Neurologia. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Conflict of interest statement Declarations. Ethics approval: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University (No. KY21133). Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Competing interests: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. ## References 1. 1. Siciliano M, Trojano L, Santangelo G, De Micco R, Tedeschi G, Tessitore A (2018) Fatigue in Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mov Disord 33:1712–1723. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27461) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30264539/) 2. 1. Pitton Rissardo J, Jayasinghe M, Gadelmawla AF, Rashidi M, Rashidi F, Moharam H et al (2025) Exploring fatigue in Parkinson’s disease: A comprehensive literature review. Cureus. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.81129) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41179085/) - [PMC](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/12576354/) 3. 1. Hughes AJ, Daniel SE, Kilford L, Lees AJ (1992) Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: a clinico-pathological study of 100 cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 55:181–184. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.55.3.181) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1564476/) - [PMC](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/1014720/) 4. 1. Tomlinson CL, Stowe R, Patel S, Rick C, Gray R, Clarke CE (2010) Systematic review of levodopa dose equivalency reporting in Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord 25:2649–2653. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.23429) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21069833/) 5. 1. Hoehn MM, Yahr MD (1967) Parkinsonism: onset, progression and mortality. Neurology 17:427–442. - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.17.5.427) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6067254/) Show all 26 references ## MeSH terms * Activities of Daily Living Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Activities+of+Daily+Living%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Activities+of+Daily+Living) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773252/) * Aged Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Aged%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Aged) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773252/) * Anxiety* / epidemiology Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Anxiety%2Fepidemiology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Anxiety) * [ Add to Search 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