---
title: "Neurophobia and its links to demographic factors and mental health in medical students"
id: "pubmed-42322850"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42322850"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Neurology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/"
doi: "10.1016/j.jns.2026.126059"
published_at: "2026-09-15T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Neurophobia and its links to demographic factors and mental health in medical students
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42322850
- **Specialty:** [Neurology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/neurology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/)
- **DOI:** [10.1016/j.jns.2026.126059](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jns.2026.126059)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-15T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- Neurophobia, defined and measured here with the **NeuroQ** scale (threshold NeuroQ ≥16/25), was assessed in a large cohort of medical students participating in the ETMED-L project. - Among 1,066 students, 264 (24.8%) met the study’s neurophobia threshold. - In univariable analyses, **neurophobia** was more prevalent in female students and correlated with higher measured levels of anxiety, depression and **burnout**. - In multivariable linear regression models adjusted for age and gender, only two burnout dimensions — **academic efficacy** (low) and **emotional exhaustion** (high) — and gender remained significantly associated with neurophobia. - Students who were considering neurology as a specialty did not have higher burnout rates than their peers. - The study used validated instruments for stress, anxiety, depression and burnout and applied univariable and multivariable linear regression to identify correlates. - The findings suggest that proximal correlates of neurophobia are specific burnout dimensions rather than generalized anxiety or depressive symptoms, indicating potential intervention targets such as improving student well-being and fostering academic competence. - The data are drawn from the ETMED-L observational cohort; further methodological details beyond the abstract (sampling frame, response rate, measurement timing, full model covariates) were not reported in the source abstract.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Epub 2026 Jun 12. # Neurophobia in context: Demographic and mental health correlates [Matthieu P Perrenoud](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Perrenoud+MP&cauthor_id=42322850)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.. Electronic address: matthieu.perrenoud@chuv.ch."), [Valerie Carrard](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Carrard+V&cauthor_id=42322850)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Service of Psychiatric Liaison, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland."), [Giovanni Di Liberto](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Di+Liberto+G&cauthor_id=42322850)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland."), [Alexandre Berney](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Berney+A&cauthor_id=42322850)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Service of Psychiatric Liaison, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland."), [Marie Théaudin](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Th%C3%A9audin+M&cauthor_id=42322850)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.. Electronic address: matthieu.perrenoud@chuv.ch. * 2 Service of Psychiatric Liaison, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. * 3 Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. * PMID: **42322850** * DOI: [ 10.1016/j.jns.2026.126059 ](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2026.126059) Free article Item in Clipboard Observational Study # Neurophobia in context: Demographic and mental health correlates Matthieu P Perrenoud et al. J Neurol Sci. 2026. Free article Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID J Neurol Sci Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22J+Neurol+Sci%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22J+Neurol+Sci%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/) . 2026 Sep 15:488:126059. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2026.126059. Epub 2026 Jun 12. ### Authors [Matthieu P Perrenoud](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Perrenoud+MP&cauthor_id=42322850)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.. Electronic address: matthieu.perrenoud@chuv.ch."), [Valerie Carrard](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Carrard+V&cauthor_id=42322850)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Service of Psychiatric Liaison, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland."), [Giovanni Di Liberto](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Di+Liberto+G&cauthor_id=42322850)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland."), [Alexandre Berney](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Berney+A&cauthor_id=42322850)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Service of Psychiatric Liaison, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland."), [Marie Théaudin](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Th%C3%A9audin+M&cauthor_id=42322850)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42322850/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.") ### Affiliations * 1 Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.. Electronic address: matthieu.perrenoud@chuv.ch. * 2 Service of Psychiatric Liaison, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. * 3 Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. * PMID: **42322850** * DOI: [ 10.1016/j.jns.2026.126059 ](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2026.126059) Item in Clipboard Full text links Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract **Introduction:** Neurophobia remains a barrier to medical students' commitment to neurology. Several causes, especially poor teaching, have been proposed, but correlations with student-related factors such as anxiety, depression or burnout have not been formally documented in a large student cohort. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between neurophobia and demographic and mental health variables in a large cohort of medical students. **Methods:** Data were obtained from the ETMED-L project, an observational cohort study investigating empathy, mental health and academic performance in medical students. Neurophobia was assessed using the NeuroQ scale. Stress, anxiety, depression and burnout were measured with validated instruments. Univariable and multivariable linear regression models, adjusted for age and gender, were used to identify correlates of neurophobia. **Results:** Among 1066 students, 264 (24.8%) met the neurophobia threshold (NeuroQ ≥16/25). Neurophobia was more prevalent among female students and was associated with higher anxiety, depression and burnout in the univariable analysis. Only academic efficacy and emotional exhaustion, two dimensions of burnout, as well as gender remained significant in multivariable analysis. Students considering neurology as a specialty did not display higher burnout rates than their counterparts. **Discussion:** This study demonstrates that neurophobia is associated with mental health variables and that specific burnout dimensions, low academic efficacy and emotional exhaustion, appear to be more proximal correlates than anxiety or depressive symptoms. Addressing student well-being and fostering a sense of academic competence may therefore warrant consideration as targets for intervention aimed at mitigating neurophobia and potentially enhancing engagement in neurology. **Keywords:** Academic efficacy; Anxiety; Burnout; Depression; Medical students; Neurophobia. Copyright © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Similar articles * [ Risk and protective factors of student burnout among medical students: a multivariate analysis. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40089769/) Kiss H, Pikó BF.Kiss H, et al.BMC Med Educ. 2025 Mar 15;25(1):386. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-06956-8.BMC Med Educ. 2025.PMID: 40089769Free PMC article. * [ Depression, anxiety, and burnout among medical students and residents of a medical school in Nepal: a cross-sectional study. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32539732/) Pokhrel NB, Khadayat R, Tulachan P.Pokhrel NB, et al.BMC Psychiatry. 2020 Jun 15;20(1):298. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02645-6.BMC Psychiatry. 2020.PMID: 32539732Free PMC article. * [ Exercise, mental well-being and burnout in Thai medical students in 2020-2021: an online cross-sectional survey. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39095768/) Dhachpramuk D, Sonjaipanich S, Theppiban S, In-Iw S.Dhachpramuk D, et al.BMC Med Educ. 2024 Aug 2;24(1):837. doi: 10.1186/s12909-024-05843-y.BMC Med Educ. 2024.PMID: 39095768Free PMC article. * [ [Neurophobia]. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23074841/) Szirmai I.Szirmai I.Ideggyogy Sz. 2012 Jul 30;65(7-8):221-8.Ideggyogy Sz. 2012.PMID: 23074841Review.Hungarian. * [ Systematic review of depression, anxiety, and other indicators of psychological distress among U.S. and Canadian medical students. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16565188/) Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Shanafelt TD.Dyrbye LN, et al.Acad Med. 2006 Apr;81(4):354-73. doi: 10.1097/00001888-200604000-00009.Acad Med. 2006.PMID: 16565188 [ See all similar articles ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=42322850) ## 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