---
title: "Scalp EEG Signatures of Anterior Thalamic DBS: Reproducible Gamma Enhancement"
id: "biorxiv-0-acute-scalp-eeg-signatures-of-anterior-thalamic-dbs-in-epilepsy-reproducible"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/biorxiv-0-acute-scalp-eeg-signatures-of-anterior-thalamic-dbs-in-epilepsy-reproducible"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Neurology"
source_name: "bioRxiv (Biomedical Preprints)"
source_url: "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.16.759433v1?rss=1"
published_at: "2026-10-22T12:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Verified Feed"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Scalp EEG Signatures of Anterior Thalamic DBS: Reproducible Gamma Enhancement
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/biorxiv-0-acute-scalp-eeg-signatures-of-anterior-thalamic-dbs-in-epilepsy-reproducible
- **Specialty:** [Neurology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/neurology.md)
- **Primary Source:** bioRxiv (Biomedical Preprints)
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.16.759433v1?rss=1)
- **Published At:** 2026-10-22T12:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Verified Feed
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- Investigators analyzed scalp EEG from five patients who underwent anterior thalamic deep brain stimulation (**ANT-DBS**) in repeated sessions recorded one year apart (10 sessions total). - Stimulation was delivered in a cyclic pattern (reported as 1 s ON, approximately 5 s OFF) and the team compared DBS ON with within-cycle OFFmean and consecutive OFF windows. - Power spectral density (PSD), spatiotemporal-frequency (STF) mapping, and spectral parameterization were applied to identify acute state changes tied to stimulation. - The cohort showed increased 30–70 Hz **gamma** power during DBS ON across all sessions (median +0.94 dB), with significant PSD clusters overlapping gamma in 10 of 10 sessions. - STF analysis indicated gamma increases as the most reproducible spatiotemporal effect; exploratory components in frontal 34–44 Hz and central 56–70 Hz bands received cross-year support. - The authors tested robustness by excluding 48–52 Hz or 45–55 Hz prior to clustering; the broader gamma pattern persisted after those exclusions. - Lower-frequency effects (including theta-range changes) were more heterogeneous and faded from early to later OFF windows. - Aperiodic spectral parameterization showed consistent reductions in exponent and offset when stimulation was ON (Delta chi = -0.20; Delta b = -0.25). - After correcting for aperiodic changes, theta suppression was not retained, whereas a smaller residual low-gamma effect remained. - The study team framed results as hypothesis-generating and stated that larger prospective studies are required to determine clinical relevance and reproducibility beyond this repeated-session proof-of-concept cohort.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Elaheh Sabbaghi 1 Tampere University; * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Elaheh%2BSabbaghi%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Sabbaghi%20E&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3AElaheh%2BSabbaghi%2B) * [ORCID record for Elaheh Sabbaghi](http://orcid.org/0009-0007-4631-2199 "Open in new tab") * For correspondence: elaheh.sabbaghi@tuni.fi Herkko Mattila 2 Tampere University, Department of Medical Physics, Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa.; * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Herkko%2BMattila%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Mattila%20H&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3AHerkko%2BMattila%2B) Eetu Siitama 3 Tampere University, Department of Medical Physics, Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa; * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Eetu%2BSiitama%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Siitama%20E&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3AEetu%2BSiitama%2B) Jari Hyttinen 1 Tampere University; * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Jari%2BHyttinen%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hyttinen%20J&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3AJari%2BHyttinen%2B) Jukka Peltola 4 Tampere University, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Tampere University Hospital (Tays) * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Jukka%2BPeltola%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Peltola%20J&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3AJukka%2BPeltola%2B) * [ORCID record for Jukka Peltola](http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-8063 "Open in new tab") Narayan Puthanmadam Subramaniyam 1 Tampere University; * [Find this author on Google Scholar](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Narayan%2BPuthanmadam%2BSubramaniyam%2B "Open in new tab") * [Find this author on PubMed](https://www.biorxiv.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Puthanmadam%20Subramaniyam%20N&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH "Open in new tab") * [Search for this author on this site](https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3ANarayan%2BPuthanmadam%2BSubramaniyam%2B) * [Abstract](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.16.759433v1)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_art/node:5894143/1) * [Info/History](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.16.759433v1.article-info)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_info/node:5894143/1) * [Metrics](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.16.759433v1.article-metrics)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/article_tab_metrics/node:5894143/1) * [Supplementary material](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.16.759433v1.supplementary-material)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_data/node:5894143/1) * [ Preview PDF](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.16.759433v1.full.pdf+html)[](https://www.biorxiv.org/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_pdf/node:5894143/1) ![Loading](https://www.biorxiv.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/panels_ajax_tab/images/loading.gif) ## Abstract Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) is an established treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy, but acute scalp-EEG signatures of stimulation remain incompletely characterized. Objective: To identify acute scalp-EEG signatures of ANT-DBS and assess their cross-year reproducibility in a proof-of-concept repeated-session cohort. Methods: Scalp EEG from five patients recorded one year apart (10 sessions) was analyzed during nominal cyclic DBS (1 s ON, ~5 s OFF). DBS ON was compared with the within-cycle OFFmean and consecutive post-offset OFF windows using power spectral density (PSD), spatiotemporal-frequency (STF) analysis, and spectral parameterization. Results: DBS ON showed higher 30-70 Hz gamma power than OFFmean in all sessions (median +0.94 dB), with significant PSD clusters overlapping gamma in 10/10 sessions. STF identified gamma increases as the most reproducible spatiotemporal effect. Exploratory frontal 34-44 Hz and central 56-70 Hz components showed cross-year support, and the broader pattern persisted when 48-52 or 45-55 Hz were excluded before clustering. Lower-frequency effects were more heterogeneous and weakened from early to late OFF windows. Aperiodic parameterization showed lower ON exponent and offset in all sessions (Delta chi = -0.20; Delta b = -0.25). After correction, theta suppression was not preserved, whereas a smaller low-gamma residual remained. Conclusions: ANT-DBS was associated with consistent acute scalp-EEG state signatures comprising raw gamma enhancement, lower aperiodic exponent and offset, and a modest residual low-gamma effect. These hypothesis-generating findings show that scalp EEG can capture acute ANT-DBS state changes, while larger prospective studies are needed to establish clinical relevance. ### Competing Interest Statement Elaheh Sabbaghi reports financial support was provided by Research Council of Finland. Jukka Peltola reports a relationship with Eisai that includes: consulting or advisory, funding grants, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement. Jukka Peltola reports a relationship with UCB that includes: consulting or advisory, funding grants, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement. Jukka Peltola reports a relationship with LivaNova that includes: consulting or advisory, funding grants, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement. Jukka Peltola reports a relationship with Medtronic that includes: consulting or advisory, funding grants, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement. Jukka Peltola reports a relationship with Angelini Pharma that includes: consulting or advisory, funding grants, and speaking and lecture fees. Jukka Peltola reports a relationship with Jazz Pharmaceuticals that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Jukka Peltola reports a relationship with Orion Pharma that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Jukka Peltola reports a relationship with Bial that includes: funding grants. Jukka Peltola reports a relationship with Pfizer that includes: consulting or advisory. Jukka Peltola reports a relationship with Novartis that includes: consulting or advisory. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. ## Funder Information Declared Research Council of Finland, https://ror.org/05k73zm37, 359185 Copyright The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a [CC-BY 4.0 International license](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). bioRxiv and medRxiv thank the following for their generous financial support: > The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, the Sergey Brin Family Foundation, California Institute of Technology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Imperial College London, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, The University of Edinburgh, University of Washington, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. 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