---
title: "Pain prevalence and outcomes in polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS): EHR-based analysis"
id: "pubmed-42663451"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42663451"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Oncology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663451/"
doi: "10.7554/eLife.103875"
published_at: "2026-08-28T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Pain prevalence and outcomes in polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS): EHR-based analysis
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42663451
- **Specialty:** [Oncology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/oncology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663451/)
- **DOI:** [10.7554/eLife.103875](https://doi.org/10.7554%2FeLife.103875)
- **Published At:** 2026-08-28T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- This retrospective EHR study evaluated pain prevalence and downstream health risks in women with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (**PMOS**, formerly PCOS) using the TriNetX Global Network. - Data were drawn from 120 health care organizations and included 103,675,738 women from diverse racial backgrounds; analysis was conducted in January 2026. - Overall, 20.67% of women with PMOS had documented **pain** diagnoses. Prevalence was highest among self-reported Black or African American women (32.70%) and White women (30.78%). - Women with PMOS and with PMOS plus pain both demonstrated increased relative risk for multiple future health conditions compared with comparator groups; risks varied by racial subgroup. - Notable condition-specific differences across races included infertility, ovarian cysts, obesity, and respiratory disease, with statistically significant variation reported by race. - The PMOS cohort prescribed PMOS-related medications experienced a reduction in subsequent pain diagnoses after treatment; specific medications were not named in the source. - The authors conclude that routine assessment and management of **pain** should be integrated into PMOS diagnosis and care, and that racial differences warrant consideration for personalized treatment strategies. - Funding and disclosures: one author received NIH NIGMS support (grant number reported); no competing interests were declared. - Limitations and methodological details (for example, diagnostic criteria used in records, exact medication classes, adjustment covariates, and statistical methods) were not fully detailed in the abstract and are not reported in the source excerpt.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States. * 2 PCOS Challenge: The National Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Association, Atlanta, United States. * 3 Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medicine College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, United States. * PMID: **42663451** * DOI: [ 10.7554/eLife.103875 ](https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.103875) Item in Clipboard # Understanding pain in women with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome: health risks and treatment effectiveness Tess Cherlin et al. Elife. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Elife Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Elife%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Elife%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663451/) . 2026 Aug 28:14:RP103875. doi: 10.7554/eLife.103875. ### Authors [Tess Cherlin](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Cherlin+T&cauthor_id=42663451)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663451/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States."), [Stephanie Mohammed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mohammed+S&cauthor_id=42663451)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663451/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States."), [Samantha Strydesky](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Strydesky+S&cauthor_id=42663451)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663451/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States."), [Sasha Ottey](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ottey+S&cauthor_id=42663451)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663451/#short-view-affiliation-2 "PCOS Challenge: The National Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Association, Atlanta, United States."), [Katherine Sherif](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Sherif+K&cauthor_id=42663451)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663451/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medicine College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, United States."), [Shefali Setia Verma](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Setia+Verma+S&cauthor_id=42663451)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42663451/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States.") ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States. * 2 PCOS Challenge: The National Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Association, Atlanta, United States. * 3 Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medicine College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, United States. * PMID: **42663451** * DOI: [ 10.7554/eLife.103875 ](https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.103875) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract **Background:** Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), recently renamed as polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), is a prevalent endocrine disorder in women, often accompanied by various symptoms, including significant pain, such as dysmenorrhea, abdominal, and pelvic pain, which remains underexplored. **Methods:** This retrospective study examines electronic health records (EHR) data to assess the prevalence of pain in women with PMOS. Conducted in January 2026, using data from 120 Health Care Organizations within the TriNetX Global Network, the study involved 103,675,738 women from diverse racial backgrounds. The analysis focused on the prevalence of pain among women with PMOS, both overall and in those prescribed PMOS-related medications. Relative risk ratios (RR) were calculated for future health outcomes and stratified by self-reported race. **Results:** The study found that 20.67% of women with PMOS experienced pain, with the highest prevalence among Black or African American (32.70%) and White (30.78%) populations. Both the PMOS and PMOS and Pain cohorts exhibited increased RR for various health conditions, with significant differences noted across racial groups for infertility, ovarian cysts, obesity, and respiratory diseases. Additionally, women with PMOS who were treated with PMOS-related medications showed a decrease in pain diagnoses following treatment. **Conclusions:** This study highlights the critical need to address pain in the diagnosis and management of PMOS due to its significant impact on patient health outcomes. **Funding:** Tess Cherlin was supported by NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) (grant # K12GM081259 (HHS)). **Keywords:** EHR; PCOS; PMOS; epidemiology; global health; human; long term outcomes; pain; prevelance. ## Plain language summary PMOS (polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome), previously known as PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome), is a condition affecting the body's metabolism, reproductive system, hormones and skin. It affects an estimated 8–13% of women. Healthcare professionals diagnose PMOS based on a combination of irregular menstrual periods, signs of higher levels of hormones called androgens, and changes in the ovaries, after ruling out other causes. The condition is associated with a wide range of symptoms that can have a major impact on quality of life. Pain has been linked to PMOS, but little is known about the different types of pain women experience, such as menstrual pain versus abdominal or pelvic pain. Even less is known about the long-term health effects of pain in women with PMOS, or whether these effects differ across racial groups. To address these questions, Cherlin et al. analysed electronic health records, which contain information on patients' diagnoses, medications and procedure codes. This allowed them to examine long-term health patterns in a very large population. The researchers investigated whether women with PMOS experience more pain than women without the condition. They also examined whether women with both PMOS and pain were at greater risk of developing future health problems than women with PMOS overall. In addition, they explored differences in pain across self-reported racial groups and assessed whether commonly prescribed PMOS medications influenced pain symptoms. Using electronic health records data from more than 100 million women worldwide, Cherlin et al. found that 21% of women with PMOS experienced pain, with the highest prevalence among Black or African American women (33%). Overall, women with PMOS were at increased risk of developing a range of health conditions, including infertility, type 2 diabetes and liver disease. Women with both PMOS and pain had an even greater risk of several conditions, including ovarian cysts, anxiety, depression, acute pharyngitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Women who were prescribed common PMOS medications experienced reduced pain after treatment. These findings could inform improved care for women with PMOS, particularly the one in five who experience pain. They highlight the need for routine pain assessment and management to become part of standard PMOS care. The results also suggest that racial differences should be considered when developing more personalised treatment strategies, as the impact of PMOS and pain varied across self-reported racial groups. Overall, this research provides new insight into the relationship between PMOS and pain and may help improve diagnosis, treatment and long-term patient care. © 2025, Cherlin et al. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Conflict of interest statement TC, SM, SS, SO, KS, SS No competing interests declared ## Similar articles * [ Folic acid supplementation and malaria susceptibility and severity among people taking antifolate antimalarial drugs in endemic areas. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36321557/) Crider K, Williams J, Qi YP, Gutman J, Yeung L, Mai C, Finkelstain J, Mehta S, Pons-Duran C, Menéndez C, Moraleda C, Rogers L, Daniels K, Green P.Crider K, et al.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Feb 1;2(2022):CD014217. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD014217.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022.Update in: [Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2026 Feb 18;2:CD014217. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD014217.pub2.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41705996/)PMID: 36321557Free PMC article.Updated. * [ Prescription of Controlled Substances: Benefits and Risks. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30726003/) Preuss CV, Kalava A, King KC.Preuss CV, et al.2025 Jul 6. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–.2025 Jul 6. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–.PMID: 30726003Free Books & Documents. * [ Personality Theories. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42475469/) Gallios JM, Iyer V, Kaylor LE.Gallios JM, et al.2026 Jun 20. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–.2026 Jun 20. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan–.PMID: 42475469Free Books & Documents. * [ Behavioral and Pharmacotherapy Weight Loss Interventions to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults: An Updated Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [Internet]. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30354042/) LeBlanc EL, Patnode CD, Webber EM, Redmond N, Rushkin M, O’Connor EA.LeBlanc EL, et al.Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2018 Sep. Report No.: 18-05239-EF-1.Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2018 Sep. Report No.: 18-05239-EF-1.PMID: 30354042Free Books & Documents.Review. * [ Behavioural modification interventions for medically unexplained symptoms in primary care: systematic reviews and economic evaluation. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32975190/) Leaviss J, Davis S, Ren S, Hamilton J, Scope A, Booth A, Sutton A, Parry G, Buszewicz M, Moss-Morris R, White P.Leaviss J, et al.Health Technol Assess. 2020 Sep;24(46):1-490. doi: 10.3310/hta24460.Health Technol Assess. 2020.PMID: 32975190Free PMC article. 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