---
title: "Piroxicam rectal suppositories for palliative management of canine rectal carcinoma: efficacy and"
id: "pubmed-41408490"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-41408490"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Oncology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41408490/"
doi: "10.1002/vetr.70170"
published_at: "2026-09-19T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Piroxicam rectal suppositories for palliative management of canine rectal carcinoma: efficacy and
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-41408490
- **Specialty:** [Oncology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/oncology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41408490/)
- **DOI:** [10.1002/vetr.70170](https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fvetr.70170)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-19T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- This retrospective case series reviewed eight dogs with **malignant epithelial rectal tumours** treated with **piroxicam suppositories** at a single UK referral centre; dogs receiving curative-intent surgery or other anticancer agents were excluded. - Primary outcomes were owner-reported improvement in clinical signs and veterinarian-assessed **cRECIST** tumour responses; secondary outcomes included overall survival time and progression-free survival, though numerical survival data were not reported in the abstract. - Four of eight dogs (50%) had owner-reported clinical benefit: two had partial resolution of clinical signs and two had complete resolution. Veterinarian assessment found that among these four dogs, three had stable disease and one achieved a complete response by cRECIST criteria. - Reported adverse events included hypersalivation (n = 1), vomiting (n = 2), biochemical elevations in renal markers (n = 2) and one case of **oliguric acute kidney injury** occurring 1248 days after starting therapy. - The study authors highlight potential for symptomatic improvement and tumour stabilisation or reduction with rectal piroxicam in dogs not undergoing curative surgery, but caution that small sample size, reliance on owner-reported outcomes, non-standardised treatments and limited follow-up constrain interpretation. - The authors recommend regular serum biochemistry monitoring during therapy because of the observed potential for **renal toxicity**. - The series provides preliminary evidence supporting **palliative care** use of rectal piroxicam in select canine rectal carcinomas but indicates need for larger, standardised prospective studies to better define efficacy, optimal dosing, duration and safety.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Epub 2025 Dec 17. # Efficacy and toxicity of piroxicam rectal suppositories in palliative management of rectal carcinoma in dogs not receiving curative-intent surgery: A retrospective case series of eight dogs [Isabelle Ng](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ng+I&cauthor_id=41408490)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41408490/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Oncology, Pride Veterinary Referrals, Derby, UK."), [Frances Taylor](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Taylor+F&cauthor_id=41408490)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41408490/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Oncology, Pride Veterinary Referrals, Derby, UK.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliation * 1 Department of Oncology, Pride Veterinary Referrals, Derby, UK. * PMID: **41408490** * DOI: [ 10.1002/vetr.70170 ](https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.70170) Item in Clipboard # Efficacy and toxicity of piroxicam rectal suppositories in palliative management of rectal carcinoma in dogs not receiving curative-intent surgery: A retrospective case series of eight dogs Isabelle Ng et al. Vet Rec. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Vet Rec Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Vet+Rec%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Vet+Rec%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41408490/) . 2026 Sep 19;199(6):e289-e297. doi: 10.1002/vetr.70170. Epub 2025 Dec 17. ### Authors [Isabelle Ng](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ng+I&cauthor_id=41408490)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41408490/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Oncology, Pride Veterinary Referrals, Derby, UK."), [Frances Taylor](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Taylor+F&cauthor_id=41408490)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41408490/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Oncology, Pride Veterinary Referrals, Derby, UK.") ### Affiliation * 1 Department of Oncology, Pride Veterinary Referrals, Derby, UK. * PMID: **41408490** * DOI: [ 10.1002/vetr.70170 ](https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.70170) Item in Clipboard Full text links Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract **Background:** The aim of this study was to report tolerability, safety and outcome in dogs with malignant epithelial rectal tumours receiving piroxicam suppositories where curative-intent surgery was not performed. **Methods:** Medical records from one UK referral hospital were retrospectively searched for dogs with malignant epithelial rectal tumours receiving piroxicam suppositories. Dogs receiving curative-intent surgery or anti-cancer agents were excluded. The primary outcomes were owner-reported improvement in clinical signs and veterinarian-assessed cRECIST (canine Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumours) responses. The secondary outcomes recorded included overall survival time and progression-free survival. **Results:** Eight dogs were reported. Four patients experienced owner-reported clinical benefit, characterised by partial (n = 2) or complete (n = 2) resolution of clinical signs. Among these, three dogs had stable disease, and one dog achieved a complete response. Drug toxicity included hypersalivation (n = 1), vomiting (n = 2), elevations in renal markers (n = 2) and oliguric acute kidney injury (n = 1); the latter occurred 1248 days into therapy. **Limitations:** The small number of animals, owner-reported outcomes, non-standardised treatments and limited follow-up may affect the interpretation of the findings. **Conclusions:** Piroxicam suppositories improve clinical signs and may stabilise or reduce tumour volume in some dogs with rectal carcinomas where curative-intent surgery is not performed. Regular serum biochemistry monitoring is recommended due to the potential for renal toxicity. **Keywords:** annular; non‐resectable rectal tumour; palliative care; rectal adenocarcinoma; rectal carcinoma. © 2025 British Veterinary Association. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Similar articles * [ Survival analysis of dogs with advanced primary lung carcinoma treated by metronomic cyclophosphamide, piroxicam and thalidomide. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29508493/) Polton G, Finotello R, Sabattini S, Rossi F, Laganga P, Vasconi ME, Barbanera A, Stiborova K, Rohrer Bley C, Marconato L.Polton G, et al.Vet Comp Oncol. 2018 Sep;16(3):399-408. doi: 10.1111/vco.12393. Epub 2018 Mar 6.Vet Comp Oncol. 2018.PMID: 29508493 * [ Evaluation of piroxicam for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma in dogs. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11394830/) Schmidt BR, Glickman NW, DeNicola DB, de Gortari AE, Knapp DW.Schmidt BR, et al.J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001 Jun 1;218(11):1783-6. doi: 10.2460/javma.2001.218.1783.J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001.PMID: 11394830 * [ Treatment of eight dogs with nasal tumours with alternating doses of doxorubicin and carboplatin in conjunction with oral piroxicam. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15977611/) Langova V, Mutsaers AJ, Phillips B, Straw R.Langova V, et al.Aust Vet J. 2004 Nov;82(11):676-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2004.tb12151.x.Aust Vet J. 2004.PMID: 15977611 * [ Folic acid supplementation and malaria susceptibility and severity among people taking antifolate antimalarial drugs in endemic areas. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36321557/) Crider K, Williams J, Qi YP, Gutman J, Yeung L, Mai C, Finkelstain J, Mehta S, Pons-Duran C, Menéndez C, Moraleda C, Rogers L, Daniels K, Green P.Crider K, et al.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Feb 1;2(2022):CD014217. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD014217.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022.Update in: [Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2026 Feb 18;2:CD014217. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD014217.pub2.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41705996/)PMID: 36321557Free PMC article.Updated. * [ Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in rectal cancer operated for cure. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22419291/) Petersen SH, Harling H, Kirkeby LT, Wille-Jørgensen P, Mocellin S.Petersen SH, et al.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Mar 14;2012(3):CD004078. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004078.pub2.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012.PMID: 22419291Free PMC article. [ See all similar articles ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=41408490) ## References 1. 1. Adamovich‐Rippe KN, Mayhew PD, Marks SL, Selmic LE, Culp WTN, Youello AM, et al. Colonoscopic and histologic features of rectal masses in dogs: 82 cases (1995–2012). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;250(4):424–430. 2. 1. White R, Gorman N. The clinical diagnosis and management of rectal and pararectal tumours in the dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1987;28(2):87–107. 3. 1. Valerius KD, Powers BE, McPherron MA, Hutchison JM, Mann FA, Withrow SJ. Adenomatous polyps and carcinoma in situ of the canine colon and rectum: 34 cases (1982‒1994). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997;33(2):156–160. 4. 1. Church EM, Mehlhaff CJ, Patnaik AK. Colorectal adenocarcinoma in dogs: 78 cases (1973‒1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987;191(6):727–730. 5. 1. Knottenbelt CM, Simpson JW, Tasker S, Ridyard AE, Chandler ML, Jamieson PM, et al. Preliminary clinical observations on the use of piroxicam in the management of rectal tubulopapillary polyps. J Small Anim Pract. 2000;41(9):393–397. 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