---
title: "ABO Blood Groups and Disease Risk: Links to Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer, Diabetes, Malaria, COV"
id: "pubmed-42574721"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42574721"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Pharmacology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/"
doi: "10.1080/07853890.2026.2710922"
published_at: "2026-08-10T12:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# ABO Blood Groups and Disease Risk: Links to Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer, Diabetes, Malaria, COV
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42574721
- **Specialty:** [Pharmacology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/)
- **DOI:** [10.1080/07853890.2026.2710922](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F07853890.2026.2710922)
- **Published At:** 2026-08-10T12:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- The ABO blood group system is a clinically important genetic trait linked epidemiologically and mechanistically to multiple diseases, including **cardiovascular disease**, **cancer**, **diabetes**, **malaria**, **COVID‑19**, and rheumatic diseases. - Methods reported: the authors conducted a narrative review searching PubMed and CNKI up to September 2025 to synthesize recent epidemiological evidence and proposed mechanisms. - Cardiovascular findings: non‑O blood groups (A, B, AB) are consistently associated with higher cardiovascular risk; risk of **venous thromboembolism** in non‑O groups is approximately two‑ to fourfold higher than in group O according to pooled studies. - Oncology findings: ABO influences cancer susceptibility and prognosis; notably, blood group A is linked to increased gastric cancer risk with a pooled odds ratio of approximately 1.2 reported in the review. - Malaria: individuals with blood group O show relative resistance to severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria compared with non‑O groups. - COVID‑19: blood group A was associated with increased susceptibility and severity in some studies, while group O appeared to confer mild protection; however, associations varied substantially by population, viral variants, and vaccination status. - Rheumatic diseases: ABO polymorphisms may modulate risk and clinical manifestations of diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, though evidence is not definitive. - Overall interpretation: accumulated evidence links ABO status with susceptibility and outcomes across diverse diseases, but findings are primarily hypothesis‑generating; causal mechanisms remain to be clarified. - Clinical implication: the potential use of **ABO typing** as a biomarker for risk stratification is proposed but requires validation in large, multi‑ethnic prospective studies. - The review emphasizes the need for further research to elucidate biological mechanisms and to test whether ABO typing can improve personalized risk assessment.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Epub 2026 Aug 10. # A narrative review of the epidemiological and mechanistic associations between ABO blood groups and diseases: focusing on cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes, malaria, COVID-19 and rheumatic diseases [Ying Liu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Liu+Y&cauthor_id=42574721)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China."), [Yuan Zhu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhu+Y&cauthor_id=42574721)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Clinical Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, P.R. China."), [Guanghua Luo](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Luo+G&cauthor_id=42574721)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Clinical Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, P.R. China.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Clinical Medical Research Center, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, P.R. China.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China. * 2 Clinical Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, P.R. China. * 3 Clinical Medical Research Center, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, P.R. China. * PMID: **42574721** * DOI: [ 10.1080/07853890.2026.2710922 ](https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2026.2710922) Item in Clipboard Review # A narrative review of the epidemiological and mechanistic associations between ABO blood groups and diseases: focusing on cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes, malaria, COVID-19 and rheumatic diseases Ying Liu et al. Ann Med. 2026 Dec. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Ann Med Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ann+Med%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Ann+Med%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/) . 2026 Dec;58(1):2710922. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2026.2710922. Epub 2026 Aug 10. ### Authors [Ying Liu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Liu+Y&cauthor_id=42574721)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China."), [Yuan Zhu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhu+Y&cauthor_id=42574721)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Clinical Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, P.R. China."), [Guanghua Luo](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Luo+G&cauthor_id=42574721)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Clinical Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, P.R. China.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42574721/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Clinical Medical Research Center, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, P.R. China.") ### Affiliations * 1 Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China. * 2 Clinical Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, P.R. China. * 3 Clinical Medical Research Center, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, P.R. China. * PMID: **42574721** * DOI: [ 10.1080/07853890.2026.2710922 ](https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2026.2710922) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract **Background:** The ABO blood group system is one of the most clinically significant human blood group systems and is closely associated with pathogenesis, progression, and prognosis of numerous diseases. This narrative review synthesizes recent epidemiological evidence and explores potential mechanisms linking ABO to cardiovascular diseases, malignancies, diabetes, Plasmodium falciparum malaria, COVID‑19, and rheumatic diseases. **Methods:** We searched PubMed and CNKI up to September 2025. **Results:** Epidemiological studies consistently show non‑O blood groups have significantly elevated cardiovascular risk, with venous thromboembolism risk about two to four times higher than in type O. In oncology, ABO influences susceptibility and prognosis in various cancers, with type A linked to increased gastric cancer risk (pooled OR≈1.2). Type O individuals show relative resistance to severe malaria. During COVID‑19, type A was linked to higher susceptibility and severity, whereas type O appeared mildly protective, though associations exhibited substantial heterogeneity across populations, viral variants, and vaccination contexts. ABO polymorphisms may also modulate risk and manifestations of rheumatic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. **Conclusion:** Accumulating evidence suggests ABO status is associated with susceptibility and outcomes for a range of diseases. These findings are primarily hypothesis‑generating and underscore the need for further research to elucidate causal mechanisms. The potential of ABO typing as a biomarker for risk stratification in personalized medicine warrants investigation in large, multi‑ethnic prospective studies. **Keywords:** ABO blood type; COVID-19; Plasmodium falciparum malaria; association; cancer; cardiovascular diseases; diabetes; rheumatic diseases. 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