---
title: "Autonomic–Immune Mechanisms: How Acupuncture May Modulate Ovarian Function"
id: "pubmed-42908453"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42908453"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Pharmacology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908453/"
doi: "10.13702/j.1000-0607.20260379"
published_at: "2026-10-25T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Autonomic–Immune Mechanisms: How Acupuncture May Modulate Ovarian Function
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42908453
- **Specialty:** [Pharmacology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908453/)
- **DOI:** [10.13702/j.1000-0607.20260379](https://doi.org/10.13702%2Fj.1000-0607.20260379)
- **Published At:** 2026-10-25T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- The review synthesizes evidence that, beyond the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, **autonomic nervous system** imbalance and immune-inflammatory disturbances contribute to **ovarian dysfunction** in conditions such as **polycystic ovary syndrome**, primary ovarian insufficiency, diminished ovarian reserve, and age-related ovarian decline. - Central inflammation, chronic stress and metabolic abnormalities can alter hypothalamic rhythms, increase sympathetic output and promote local chronic low-grade ovarian inflammation, which the authors linked to follicular development disorders and abnormal steroidogenesis. - Acupuncture is described as a somatic sensory neuromodulation approach that can act through a “spinal cord–brainstem–hypothalamus” pathway to influence central integration and thereby modulate autonomic activity and immune-inflammatory responses. - The authors reported that acupuncture may suppress sympathetic overactivity, engage vagal anti-inflammatory circuits, shift immune cell polarization, and reduce oxidative stress and apoptosis in ovarian tissue. - The review organizes research into three domains: the neuroimmune regulatory basis of ovarian function, pathological imbalance characteristics seen in dysfunction states, and proposed mechanisms by which acupuncture intervenes. - The paper is a narrative review; specific trial protocols, acupuncture dosing, or randomized clinical outcomes were not detailed in the English abstract. - Authors declared no conflicts of interest. - The review aims to provide references for neuroimmune-targeted interventions and for mechanistic research on acupuncture in ovarian dysfunction.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. * 2 School of Medical Information and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province. * 3 Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023. xtc@njucm.edu.cn. * 4 The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029. * 5 School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. xybd1968@njucm.edu.cn. * 6 School of Medical Information and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province. xybd1968@njucm.edu.cn. * PMID: **42908453** * DOI: [ 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20260379 ](https://doi.org/10.13702/j.1000-0607.20260379) Item in Clipboard Review # [Research progress on the autonomic-immune mechanism of acupuncture in regulating ovarian function] [Article in Chinese] Yueying Huang et al. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Zhen Ci Yan Jiu Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Zhen+Ci+Yan+Jiu%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Zhen+Ci+Yan+Jiu%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908453/) . 2026 Oct 25;51(10):1376-1384. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20260379. ### Authors [Yueying Huang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Huang+Y&cauthor_id=42908453)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908453/#short-view-affiliation-1 "School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908453/#short-view-affiliation-2 "School of Medical Information and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province."), [Tiancheng Xu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Xu+T&cauthor_id=42908453)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908453/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023. xtc@njucm.edu.cn."), [Congzhao Li](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Li+C&cauthor_id=42908453)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908453/#short-view-affiliation-4 "The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029."), [Yichen Yuan](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Yuan+Y&cauthor_id=42908453)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908453/#short-view-affiliation-4 "The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029."), [Youbing Xia](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Xia+Y&cauthor_id=42908453)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908453/#short-view-affiliation-5 "School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. xybd1968@njucm.edu.cn.")[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908453/#short-view-affiliation-6 "School of Medical Information and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province. xybd1968@njucm.edu.cn.") ### Affiliations * 1 School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. * 2 School of Medical Information and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province. * 3 Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023. xtc@njucm.edu.cn. * 4 The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029. * 5 School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. xybd1968@njucm.edu.cn. * 6 School of Medical Information and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province. xybd1968@njucm.edu.cn. * PMID: **42908453** * DOI: [ 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20260379 ](https://doi.org/10.13702/j.1000-0607.20260379) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Linked Discoveries ## Abstract in [ English, ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908453/#eng-abstract) [ Chinese ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42908453/#zho-abstract) Ovarian dysfunction is an important cause of ovulatory disorders, infertility and endocrine disorders in women, which is commonly observed in conditions including polycystic ovary syndrome, primary ovarian insufficiency, diminished ovarian reserve and ovarian aging-related states. Recent studies have demonstrated that besides abnormalities in the classic hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, autonomic nervous imbalance and immune-inflammatory disturbance also serve as critical mechanisms underlying impaired ovarian function. Central inflammatory responses, chronic stress and metabolic abnormalities can disrupt hypothalamic rhythmic regulation, augment sympathetic nerve output and induce local chronic low-grade ovarian inflammation, consequently contributing to follicular developmental disorders and aberrant steroidogenesis. As a neuromodulation therapy initiated by somatic sensory input, acupuncture can modulate central integration via the "spinal cord-brainstem-hypothalamus" pathway, thereby regulating autonomic nervous activity and immune-inflammatory responses and improving the local ovarian microenvironment. Existing evidence suggests that acupuncture may exert its effects by inhibiting sympathetic overactivation, recruiting vagus-related anti-inflammatory pathways, modulating immune cell polarization, and alleviating oxidative stress and apoptosis. This paper reviews research progress from three aspects: the autonomic-immune regulatory basis of ovarian function, pathological imbalance characteristics, and intervention mechanisms of acupuncture, so as to provide references for neuroimmune-targeted intervention of ovarian dysfunction and acupuncture mechanism research. 卵巢功能异常是导致女性排卵障碍、不孕及内分泌紊乱的重要原因，常见于多囊卵巢综合征、原发性卵巢功能不全、卵巢储备下降及卵巢老化相关状态。近年来研究表明，除经典下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴异常外，自主神经失衡与免疫炎性紊乱也是卵巢功能受损的重要机制。中枢炎性反应、慢性应激及代谢异常可通过影响下丘脑节律调控、增强交感神经输出并诱导卵巢局部慢性低度炎性反应，推动卵泡发育障碍和类固醇生成异常。针灸作为一种以体表感觉输入为起点的神经调节手段，可经“脊髓-脑干-下丘脑”通路影响中枢整合，进而调节自主神经活动和免疫炎性反应，改善卵巢局部微环境。现有研究提示，针灸可能通过抑制交感高张、募集迷走相关抗炎通路、调节免疫细胞极化及减轻氧化应激与凋亡等途径发挥作用。本文从卵巢功能的自主神经-免疫调控基础、病理失衡特征及针灸干预机制3个方面综述研究进展，以期为卵巢功能异常的神经免疫靶向干预及针灸机制研究提供参考。. **Keywords:** Autonomic nervous system; Diminished ovarian reserve; Neuroimmune regulation; Ovarian dysfunction; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Primary ovarian insufficiency. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Conflict of interest statement All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. ## References 1. 1. Houeis L, Donnez J, Dolmans M M. Premature ovarian insufficiency and diminished ovarian reserve:from diagnosis to current management and treatment[J]. J Clin Med, 2025, 14(21):7473. 2. 1. Yang H S, Fang Y G. Acupuncture for the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency(in Chinese)[J]. Chinese Journal for Clinicians, 2022, 50(8):897-898. 3. 1. Schiller M, Ben-Shaanan T L, Rolls A. Neuronal regulation of immunity:why, how and where?[J]. Nat Rev Immunol, 2021, 21(1):20-36. 4. 1. Zardeneta M E, Pickle K A, Sohrabji F. The importance of ovary-immune interactions in the context of age and disease[J]. Front Neuroendocrinol, 2026, 80:101234. 5. 1. Collado-Sole A, Borjini N, Zhai J, et al. Microglia Rank signaling regulates GnRH neuronal function and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis[J]. Science, 2026, 392(6800):eaeb6999. 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