---
title: "Carotid IMT and Ultrafast PWV as Predictors of CV Events and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients"
id: "pubmed-42687522"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42687522"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Pharmacology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/"
doi: "10.1080/0886022X.2026.2723512"
published_at: "2026-09-03T12:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Carotid IMT and Ultrafast PWV as Predictors of CV Events and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42687522
- **Specialty:** [Pharmacology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/)
- **DOI:** [10.1080/0886022X.2026.2723512](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F0886022X.2026.2723512)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-03T12:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- This prospective cohort study evaluated **carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT)** and ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV) — pulse wave velocity at the beginning (PWV-BS) and end of systole (PWV-ES) — as predictors of cardiovascular (CV) events and all-cause mortality in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. - The cohort included 115 MHD patients followed for 39 months and comparisons were made with non-ESRD controls for selected vascular measures. - MHD patients had significantly higher **CIMT** than controls (1.60 vs 0.80 mm, p = 0.004); ufPWV measures were similar between groups. - During follow-up there were 21 CV events and 17 deaths among the MHD patients. - In univariable analyses, greater CIMT was associated with CV events and correlated positively with **diabetes** (r = 0.271, p = 0.003). - After adjusting for diabetes, the association between CIMT and CV events lost statistical significance (HR 1.350, 95% CI 0.865–2.106, p = 0.186). - Neither **PWV-BS** nor **PWV-ES** were associated with CV events or all-cause mortality in the overall MHD population. - A preliminary subgroup analysis of patients with diabetes (n = 36; 15 CV events) found an inverse association between left PWV-ES and CV events; the authors emphasize this is hypothesis-generating and requires independent validation. - The study cautions interpretation due to multiple comparisons and small sample size; specific recommendations and external validation are not provided in the source. - Keywords reported: Carotid intima-media thickness; all-cause mortality; cardiovascular events; hemodialysis; ultrafast pulse wave velocity.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. [ Skip to main page content ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#article-details) ![U.S. flag](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png) An official website of the United States government Here's how you know ![Dot gov](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg) **The .gov means it’s official.** Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. ![Https](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg) **The site is secure.** The **https://** ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. [ ![NIH NLM Logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg) ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [Log in](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42687522%2F) Show account info Close #### Account Logged in as: **username** * [Dashboard](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) * [Publications](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/bibliography/) * [Account settings](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/) * [Log out](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/signout/?back_url=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/) [Access keys](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys) [NCBI Homepage](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) [MyNCBI Homepage](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) [Main Content](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#maincontent) [Main Navigation](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/) [ ![pubmed logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/c24ab723-7c80-48cd-9c68-022ded852586/core/images/pubmed-logo-blue.svg) ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [ ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/ "Show search bar") Search: [](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/ "Clear search input")Search [Advanced](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/advanced/) [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clipboard/) [ User Guide ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/) Save Email Send to * [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/) * [My Bibliography](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42687522%2F%23open-bibliography-panel) * [Collections](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42687522%2F%23open-collections-panel) * [Citation manager](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/) Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Save citation to file Format: Summary (text) PubMed PMID Abstract (text) CSV Create file Cancel ## Email citation Email address has not been verified. Go to [ My NCBI account settings ](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/settings/) to confirm your email and then refresh this page. To: Subject: Body: Format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) MeSH and other data Send email Cancel ### Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/) Add Cancel ### Add to My Bibliography * My Bibliography Unable to load your delegates due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/) Add Cancel ## Your saved search Name of saved search: Search terms: [Test search terms](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/) Would you like email updates of new search results? Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons * Yes * No Email: ([change](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/)) Frequency: Monthly Weekly Daily Which day? The first Sunday The first Monday The first Tuesday The first Wednesday The first Thursday The first Friday The first Saturday The first day The first weekday Which day? Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Report format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) PubMed Send at most: 1 item 5 items 10 items 20 items 50 items 100 items 200 items Send even when there aren't any new results Optional text in email: Save Cancel ## Create a file for external citation management software Create file Cancel ## Your RSS Feed Name of RSS Feed: Number of items displayed: 5 10 15 20 50 100 Create RSS Cancel RSS Link Copy ### Actions Cite Collections Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/) Add Cancel Permalink Permalink Copy Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ### Page navigation * [ Title & authors ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#heading) * [ Abstract ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#abstract) * [Similar articles](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#similar) * [ MeSH terms ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#mesh-terms) Title & authors Abstract Similar articles MeSH terms Ren Fail Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ren+Fail%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Ren+Fail%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/) . 2026 Dec;48(1):2723512. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2026.2723512. Epub 2026 Sep 3. # Evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness and ultrafast pulse wave velocity for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients: impact of diabetes [Xiaoye Zhu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhu+X&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Linna Zheng](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zheng+L&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Ultrasound, Huashan Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Ultrasound, Yangtze River Delta Integration Demonstration Zone \(QingPu\), Obstetrics & Gynecology of Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Weibin Zhang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhang+W&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Ultrasound, Huashan Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Xiaowan Liang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Liang+X&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Yuan Ren](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ren+Y&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Qiaozhi Gu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Gu+Q&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Yuelin Zhang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhang+Y&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Li You](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=You+L&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Jun Xue](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Xue+J&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Chuanming Hao](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hao+C&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Yuanhao Wu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wu+Y&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China. * 2 Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China. * 3 Department of Ultrasound, Huashan Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China. * 4 Department of Ultrasound, Yangtze River Delta Integration Demonstration Zone (QingPu), Obstetrics & Gynecology of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. * PMID: **42687522** * DOI: [ 10.1080/0886022X.2026.2723512 ](https://doi.org/10.1080/0886022x.2026.2723512) Item in Clipboard # Evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness and ultrafast pulse wave velocity for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients: impact of diabetes Xiaoye Zhu et al. Ren Fail. 2026 Dec. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Ren Fail Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Ren+Fail%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Ren+Fail%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/) . 2026 Dec;48(1):2723512. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2026.2723512. Epub 2026 Sep 3. ### Authors [Xiaoye Zhu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhu+X&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Linna Zheng](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zheng+L&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Ultrasound, Huashan Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Ultrasound, Yangtze River Delta Integration Demonstration Zone \(QingPu\), Obstetrics & Gynecology of Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Weibin Zhang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhang+W&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Ultrasound, Huashan Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Xiaowan Liang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Liang+X&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Yuan Ren](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ren+Y&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Qiaozhi Gu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Gu+Q&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Yuelin Zhang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhang+Y&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Li You](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=You+L&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Jun Xue](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Xue+J&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Chuanming Hao](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hao+C&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China."), [Yuanhao Wu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wu+Y&cauthor_id=42687522)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687522/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.") ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Jingan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China. * 2 Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China. * 3 Department of Ultrasound, Huashan Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China. * 4 Department of Ultrasound, Yangtze River Delta Integration Demonstration Zone (QingPu), Obstetrics & Gynecology of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. * PMID: **42687522** * DOI: [ 10.1080/0886022X.2026.2723512 ](https://doi.org/10.1080/0886022x.2026.2723512) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract Arterial remodeling is common in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This prospective cohort study explored the potential prognostic value of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV) - including pulse wave velocity at the beginning (PWV-BS) and end of systole (PWV-ES) for cardiovascular (CV) events and all-cause mortality in 115 maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients followed for 39 months. Compared with non-ESRD controls, MHD patients exhibited significantly higher CIMT (1.60 vs 0.80 mm, _p_ = 0.004), while ufPWV parameters appeared comparable. During follow-up, 21 CV events and 17 deaths were recorded. In univariable analysis, CIMT was associated with CV events and positively correlated with diabetes (_r_ = 0.271, _p_ = 0.003). However, after adjusting for diabetes, this association was no longer statistically significant (HR 1.350, 95% CI 0.865-2.106, _p_ = 0.186). Neither PWV-BS nor PWV-ES was associated with outcomes in the overall cohort. Preliminary subgroup analysis of patients with diabetes (_n_ = 36, 15 CV events) observed an inverse association between left PWV-ES and CV events. In conclusion, CIMT was no longer significantly associated with CV events after adjustment for diabetes in the limited model, whereas local ufPWV parameters were not significantly associated with CV events or all-cause mortality in the analyses performed within the overall MHD population. Given the issue of multiple comparisons and small sample size, the isolated finding between left PWV-ES and CV events in the diabetic subgroup must be treated strictly as hypothesis-generating, requiring independent validation in a larger cohort. **Keywords:** Carotid intima-media thickness; all-cause mortality; cardiovascular events; hemodialysis; ultrafast pulse wave velocity. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Similar articles * [ Penultimate pulse wave velocity, better than baseline pulse wave velocity, predicted mortality in Italian ESRD cohort study - a case for daily hemodialysis for ESRD patients with accelerated pulse wave velocity changes. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23832464/) Onuigbo M, Onuigbo N, Bellasi A, Russo D, Di Iorio BR.Onuigbo M, et al.G Ital Nefrol. 2013 Mar-Apr;30(2):gin/30.2.22.G Ital Nefrol. 2013.PMID: 23832464 * [ Application of multimodal ultrasound in the biomechanical evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a focus on subclinical vascular changes. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42064758/) Nan X, Tang L, Fang X, Yang X, Kang Y.Nan X, et al.Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Apr 15;17:1758096. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1758096. eCollection 2026.Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026.PMID: 42064758Free PMC article. * [ Relationship between carotid intima-media thickness and carotid artery stiffness assessed by ultrafast ultrasound imaging in patients with type 2 diabetes. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30691662/) Pan FS, Xu M, Yu L, Luo J, Li MY, Liang JY, Zheng YL, Xie XY.Pan FS, et al.Eur J Radiol. 2019 Feb;111:34-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2018.12.016. Epub 2018 Dec 14.Eur J Radiol. 2019.PMID: 30691662 * [ Pulse Wave Velocity Assessment for Cardiovascular Risk Prognostication in ESKD: Weighting Recent Evidence. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32242783/) Georgianos PI, Vaios V, Eleftheriadis T, Zebekakis PE, Liakopoulos V.Georgianos PI, et al.Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2021;19(1):4-11. doi: 10.2174/1570161118666200403142451.Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2021.PMID: 32242783 * [ Association of aortic pulse wave velocit
## Related Clinical Research

- [Muscle miRNAs as cell-intrinsic epigenetic regulators in type 2 diabetes](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42680724.md) (DOI: 10.1038/s41392-026-02846-7)
- [Predicting Non-Diabetic Glomerular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes with Nephrotic‑Range Proteinuria](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42670193.md) (DOI: 10.1111/nep.70275)
- [Managing serotonin toxicity: recognition and treatment essentials](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/cmaj-3-managing-serotonin-toxicity-practice.md)
- [North West London Diabetes Cohort: multiethnic EHR resource for diabetes complications research](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/bmj-open-2-large-scale-multiethnic-electronic-health-record-resource-for-diabetes.md)
- [Which interventions affect biological aging? Epigenetic study finds diet, exercise, and some drugs](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/medical-news-today-0-what-can-and-can-t-slow-down-aging-new-study-offers-clues.md)

## Navigation
- [← Back to Pharmacology Feed](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- [← All Clinical Specialties](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed.md)
## Medical & Regulatory Disclaimer

> [!CAUTION]
> MedicHelpline content is structured for research, educational, and professional discovery purposes. It does not constitute individual medical advice, clinical diagnosis, or treatment recommendations.
> Always verify dosing, contraindications, and regulatory alerts against official product labeling and primary regulatory sources before clinical decision-making.