---
title: "De‑Escalating and Discontinuing Immunotherapies in NMOSD and MOGAD — Review (Neurology 2026)"
id: "pubmed-42647788"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42647788"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Pharmacology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/"
doi: "10.1212/WNL.0000000000218482"
published_at: "2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# De‑Escalating and Discontinuing Immunotherapies in NMOSD and MOGAD — Review (Neurology 2026)
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42647788
- **Specialty:** [Pharmacology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/)
- **DOI:** [10.1212/WNL.0000000000218482](https://doi.org/10.1212%2FWNL.0000000000218482)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- This PubMed entry is a review titled "De‑Escalating and Discontinuing Immunotherapies in Patients With **NMOSD** and **MOGAD**." The article was published in Neurology in 2026 and is available free on PubMed Central (PMCID: PMC13528907). - The paper lists a large international author group led by Yael Hacohen and includes contributors from clinical and academic centers across the United Kingdom, France, Spain, the Netherlands, the United States, South Korea, Canada, and Germany. - Metadata provided include journal (Neurology), publication date (2026 Sep 22; Epub 2026 Aug 26), doi (10.1212/WNL.0000000000218482), PMID 42647788, and PMCID PMC13528907. - The PubMed page supplies full bibliographic and affiliation details and links to full text sources (Atypon and PMC). The record type is a Review. - The PubMed source text available to this task does not include the article abstract or the body content; substantive clinical content, recommendations, data, and conclusions from the review were not reported in the provided source text and therefore are not summarized here. - For clinical details, evidence synthesis, and specific recommendations on **immunotherapies** de‑escalation or discontinuation in **NMOSD** and **MOGAD**, clinicians should consult the full text available via the PubMed Central link or the journal site referenced on the PubMed record.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Epub 2026 Aug 26. # De-Escalating and Discontinuing Immunotherapies in Patients With NMOSD and MOGAD [Yael Hacohen](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hacohen+Y&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Pediatric Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom."), [Géraldine Androdias](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Androdias+G&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Service de neurologie, sclérose en plaques, pathologies de la myéline et neuro-inflammation, Centre de Ressources, Recherche et Compétence sur la Sclérose en Plaques, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon-Bron, France.")[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Clinique de la Sauvegarde, Ramsay Santé, Lyon, France."), [Georgina Arrambide](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Arrambide+G&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-5 "Neurology-Neuroimmunology Department, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia \(Cemcat\), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain."), [Arlette Laurien Bruijstens](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Bruijstens+AL&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-6 "Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands."), [Olga Ciccarelli](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ciccarelli+O&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom.")[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-7 "Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom.")[ 8 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-8 "National Institute for Health and Care Research \(NIHR\) University College London Hospitals \(UCLH\) Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom."), [Alvaro Cobo-Calvo](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Cobo-Calvo+A&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-5 "Neurology-Neuroimmunology Department, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia \(Cemcat\), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain."), [Eoin P Flanagan](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Flanagan+EP&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 9 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-9 "Department of Neurology and Mayo Clinic Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN."), [Ho Jin Kim](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kim+HJ&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 10 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-10 "Department of Neurology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea."), [Ellen Iacobaeus](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Iacobaeus+E&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 11 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-11 "Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.")[ 12 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-12 "Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.")[ 13 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-13 "School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada."), [Jan D Lünemann](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=L%C3%BCnemann+JD&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 14 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-14 "Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University and University Hospital Münster, Germany."), [Bruno Stankoff](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Stankoff+B&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 15 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-15 "Department of Neurology, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.")[ 16 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-16 "Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière AP-HP, Paris, France; and."), [Mar Tintore](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Tintore+M&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-5 "Neurology-Neuroimmunology Department, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia \(Cemcat\), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain."), [Romain Marignier](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Marignier+R&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Service de neurologie, sclérose en plaques, pathologies de la myéline et neuro-inflammation, Centre de Ressources, Recherche et Compétence sur la Sclérose en Plaques, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon-Bron, France.")[ 17 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#full-view-affiliation-17 "Centre de Référence des Maladies Inflammatoires Rares du Cerveau et de la Moelle, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon-Bron, France.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom. * 2 Pediatric Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom. * 3 Service de neurologie, sclérose en plaques, pathologies de la myéline et neuro-inflammation, Centre de Ressources, Recherche et Compétence sur la Sclérose en Plaques, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon-Bron, France. * 4 Clinique de la Sauvegarde, Ramsay Santé, Lyon, France. * 5 Neurology-Neuroimmunology Department, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia (Cemcat), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. * 6 Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. * 7 Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom. * 8 National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom. * 9 Department of Neurology and Mayo Clinic Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. * 10 Department of Neurology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea. * 11 Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. * 12 Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. * 13 School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. * 14 Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University and University Hospital Münster, Germany. * 15 Department of Neurology, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France. * 16 Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière AP-HP, Paris, France; and. * 17 Centre de Référence des Maladies Inflammatoires Rares du Cerveau et de la Moelle, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon-Bron, France. * PMID: **42647788** * PMCID: [ PMC13528907 ](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13528907/) * DOI: [ 10.1212/WNL.0000000000218482 ](https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000218482) Item in Clipboard Review # De-Escalating and Discontinuing Immunotherapies in Patients With NMOSD and MOGAD Yael Hacohen et al. Neurology. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Neurology Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Neurology%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Neurology%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/) . 2026 Sep 22;107(6):e218482. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000218482. Epub 2026 Aug 26. ### Authors [Yael Hacohen](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hacohen+Y&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Pediatric Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom."), [Géraldine Androdias](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Androdias+G&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Service de neurologie, sclérose en plaques, pathologies de la myéline et neuro-inflammation, Centre de Ressources, Recherche et Compétence sur la Sclérose en Plaques, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon-Bron, France.")[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Clinique de la Sauvegarde, Ramsay Santé, Lyon, France."), [Georgina Arrambide](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Arrambide+G&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-5 "Neurology-Neuroimmunology Department, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia \(Cemcat\), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain."), [Arlette Laurien Bruijstens](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Bruijstens+AL&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-6 "Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands."), [Olga Ciccarelli](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ciccarelli+O&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom.")[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-7 "Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom.")[ 8 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-8 "National Institute for Health and Care Research \(NIHR\) University College London Hospitals \(UCLH\) Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom."), [Alvaro Cobo-Calvo](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Cobo-Calvo+A&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-5 "Neurology-Neuroimmunology Department, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia \(Cemcat\), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain."), [Eoin P Flanagan](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Flanagan+EP&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 9 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-9 "Department of Neurology and Mayo Clinic Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN."), [Ho Jin Kim](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kim+HJ&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 10 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-10 "Department of Neurology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea."), [Ellen Iacobaeus](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Iacobaeus+E&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 11 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-11 "Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.")[ 12 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-12 "Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.")[ 13 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-13 "School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada."), [Jan D Lünemann](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=L%C3%BCnemann+JD&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 14 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-14 "Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University and University Hospital Münster, Germany."), [Bruno Stankoff](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Stankoff+B&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 15 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-15 "Department of Neurology, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.")[ 16 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647788/#short-view-affiliation-16 "Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière AP-HP, Paris, France; and."), [Mar Tintore](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Tintore+M&cauthor_id=42647788)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.n
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