---
title: "Digital Behavioral Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes: Scoping Review"
id: "pubmed-42700349"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42700349"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Pharmacology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/"
doi: "10.1007/s11892-026-01642-5"
published_at: "2026-09-05T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Digital Behavioral Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes: Scoping Review
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42700349
- **Specialty:** [Pharmacology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/)
- **DOI:** [10.1007/s11892-026-01642-5](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11892-026-01642-5)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-05T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- This scoping review summarized recent evidence on **digital behavioral interventions** designed to improve **medication adherence** in people with **type 2 diabetes (T2D)**. - The authors identified 32 studies that evaluated digital strategies to support medication adherence in T2D. - Interventions were delivered via multiple platforms, including **mobile apps**, SMS (short message service) messaging, **telemedicine systems**, conversational artificial intelligence, and remote monitoring technologies. - Studies used varied adherence measures: self-reported questionnaires, medication-taking records, and refill-based metrics. - Most studies reported improved medication adherence; several also reported improvements in glycemic outcomes, most commonly **A1C**. - Effective interventions frequently combined reminders, educational content, self-monitoring tools, and patient–provider communication. - Recent advances emphasized personalization, cross-platform integration, and interactive patient support rather than entirely new digital modalities. - The review highlights multifaceted digital approaches that integrate behavioral support, monitoring, and communication as promising strategies to enhance long-term diabetes self-management and treatment engagement. - The report includes keyword indexing and MeSH terms such as Adherence Interventions, Digital Health, Mobile Applications, Telemedicine, and Hypoglycemic Agents, and declares no competing interests.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 100025, Taiwan. * 2 Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 100025, Taiwan. * 3 Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, 100229, Taiwan. * 4 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. yinka@umich.edu. * PMID: **42700349** * DOI: [ 10.1007/s11892-026-01642-5 ](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-026-01642-5) Item in Clipboard Review # A Scoping Review of Digital Behavioral Approaches to Improve Medication Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes Yen-Ming Huang et al. Curr Diab Rep. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Curr Diab Rep Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Curr+Diab+Rep%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Curr+Diab+Rep%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) . 2026 Sep 5;26(1):27. doi: 10.1007/s11892-026-01642-5. ### Authors [Yen-Ming Huang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Huang+YM&cauthor_id=42700349)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/#short-view-affiliation-1 "School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 100025, Taiwan.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 100025, Taiwan.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, 100229, Taiwan."), [Pin-Heng Tiao](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Tiao+PH&cauthor_id=42700349)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 100025, Taiwan."), [Olayinka Shiyanbola](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Shiyanbola+O&cauthor_id=42700349)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. yinka@umich.edu.") ### Affiliations * 1 School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 100025, Taiwan. * 2 Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 100025, Taiwan. * 3 Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, 100229, Taiwan. * 4 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. yinka@umich.edu. * PMID: **42700349** * DOI: [ 10.1007/s11892-026-01642-5 ](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-026-01642-5) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract **Purpose of review:** Consistent medication adherence is fundamental for achieving favorable health outcomes in diabetes care; however, attaining optimal adherence remains a challenge. This review summarized recent evidence on digital behavioral interventions designed to improve medication adherence in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and identified key components commonly incorporated in these interventions. **Recent findings:** Thirty-two studies evaluating digital strategies to support medication adherence were identified. Interventions were delivered through a range of digital platforms, including mobile apps, short message service messaging, telemedicine systems, conversational artificial intelligence, and remote monitoring technologies. Medication adherence was assessed using a variety of measures, including self-reported adherence questionnaires, medication-taking records, and refill-based measures. Most studies reported improvements in medication adherence, and several also observed improvements in glycemic outcomes, most commonly A1C. Effective interventions frequently combined reminders, educational content, self-monitoring tools, and patient-provider communication. Digital behavioral interventions represent increasingly utilized strategies to promote medication adherence among individuals with T2D. Multifaceted digital approaches that integrate behavioral support, monitoring, and communication may enhance long-term diabetes self-management and treatment engagement. Recent advances have focused on improving personalization, integration across digital platforms, and interactive patient support rather than introducing entirely new digital modalities. **Keywords:** Adherence; Behavioral; Digital; Intervention; Medication; Type 2 Diabetes. © 2026. The Author(s). [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Conflict of interest statement Declarations. Ethics Approval: This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests. ## References 1. 1. Davies MJ, Aroda VR, Collins BS, Gabbay GA, Green J, Maruthur NM, et al. Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2022. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetes Care. 2022;45(11):2753–86. . - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.2337/dci22-0034) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36148880/) - [PMC](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/10008140/) 2. 1. Peh KQE, Kwan YH, Goh H, Ramchandani H, Phang JK, Lim ZY, et al. An adaptable framework for factors contributing to medication adherence: Results from a systematic review of 102 conceptual frameworks. J Gen Intern Med. 2021;36(9):2784–95. . - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-021-06648-1) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33660211/) - [PMC](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/8390603/) 3. 1. Huang YM, Wang T, Yang YM, Chang YH, Chan HY, Lin HW. Medication refills do not guarantee medication intake: Translation and validation of the Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale in Traditional Chinese among individuals with type 2 diabetes in Taiwan. Postgrad Med. 2025;137(1):68–78. . - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.2024.2444258) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39688522/) 4. 1. Rai A, Riddle M, Mishra R, Nguyen N, Valine K, Fenney M. Use of a smartphone-based medication adherence platform to improve outcomes in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes among veterans: Prospective case-crossover study. JMIR Diabetes. 2023;8:e44297. . - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.2196/44297) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37561555/) - [PMC](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/10450533/) 5. 1. Vrijens B, De Geest S, Hughes DA, Przemyslaw K, Demonceau J, Ruppar T, et al. A new taxonomy for describing and defining adherence to medications. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2012;73(5):691–705. . - [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04167.x) - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22486599/) - [PMC](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/3403197/) Show all 82 references ## Publication types * Scoping Review Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Scoping+Review%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Scoping+Review) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) * Review Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Review%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Review) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) ## MeSH terms * Adherence Interventions Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Adherence+Interventions%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Adherence+Interventions) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) * Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Diabetes+Mellitus%2C+Type+2%2Fdrug+therapy%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Diabetes+Mellitus%2C+Type+2) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) * Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / psychology Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Diabetes+Mellitus%2C+Type+2%2Fpsychology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Diabetes+Mellitus%2C+Type+2) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) * Digital Health Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Digital+Health%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Digital+Health) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) * Digital Media Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Digital+Media%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Digital+Media) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) * Humans Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Humans%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Humans) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) * Hypoglycemic Agents* / therapeutic use Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypoglycemic+Agents%2Ftherapeutic+use%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Hypoglycemic+Agents) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) * Medication Adherence* / psychology Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Medication+Adherence%2Fpsychology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Medication+Adherence) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) * Mobile Applications Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Mobile+Applications%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Mobile+Applications) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) * Telemedicine Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Telemedicine%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Telemedicine) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700349/) ## 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