---
title: "Early-Onset Metabolic Diseases Linked to Higher Depression, Stress, and Suicidality in a Nationwid"
id: "pubmed-42773492"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42773492"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Pharmacology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/"
doi: "10.3349/ymj.2025.0342"
published_at: "2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Early-Onset Metabolic Diseases Linked to Higher Depression, Stress, and Suicidality in a Nationwid
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42773492
- **Specialty:** [Pharmacology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/)
- **DOI:** [10.3349/ymj.2025.0342](https://doi.org/10.3349%2Fymj.2025.0342)
- **Published At:** 2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- Purpose: The study evaluated whether age at diagnosis of metabolic diseases (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia) is associated with adverse mental health outcomes, comparing **early-onset metabolic diseases** (diagnosis <40 years) with late-onset (≥40 years) and undiagnosed cases. - Data source: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), pooled 2014–2023 data; participants self-reported physician-diagnosed hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia and age at diagnosis. - Mental health measures: Depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), perceived stress (self-reported daily stress), and suicidality (suicidal ideation, planning, or attempts in past year). - Analysis: Multiple logistic regression models with Bonferroni correction to compare early-onset, late-onset, and undiagnosed groups. - Key findings: Early-onset hypertension had markedly higher odds of depression (OR=2.67; 95% CI: 1.91–3.74) versus undiagnosed/late-onset cases; early-onset dyslipidemia also showed higher odds of depression (OR=2.55; 95% CI: 1.71–3.79). - Perceived stress: Early-onset hypertension (OR=1.41; 95% CI: 1.21–1.66) and early-onset dyslipidemia (OR=1.90; 95% CI: 1.59–2.26) were associated with greater perceived stress compared to undiagnosed/late-onset cases. - Suicidality: Early-onset diabetes was associated with higher odds of suicidality (OR=2.76; 95% CI: 1.79–4.25) compared with undiagnosed and late-onset cases. - Interpretation: Associations between **early-onset metabolic diseases** and adverse mental health outcomes were stronger than for late-onset disease and unlikely to be explained solely by disease duration per the authors' interpretation. - Limitations: Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference; details on confounders, effect modification, and absolute prevalences were not reported in the abstract. - Clinical implication: Authors suggest considering mental health screening in care for patients with early-onset metabolic disease.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. * 2 Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea. * 3 Department of Biostatistics and Computing, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea. * 4 Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. * 5 Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. sunjaejung@yuhs.ac. * PMID: **42773492** * PMCID: **PMC13619359** (available on 2026-10-01) * DOI: [ 10.3349/ymj.2025.0342 ](https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2025.0342) Item in Clipboard # Association between Early-Onset Metabolic Diseases and Adverse Mental Health Conditions: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study Changhyun Kim et al. Yonsei Med J. 2026 Oct. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Yonsei Med J Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Yonsei+Med+J%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Yonsei+Med+J%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/) . 2026 Oct;67(10):744-753. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2025.0342. ### Authors [Changhyun Kim](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kim+C&cauthor_id=42773492)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea."), [Dongkyu Lee](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Lee+D&cauthor_id=42773492)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."), [Yeon Woo Oh](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Oh+YW&cauthor_id=42773492)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.")[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Department of Biostatistics and Computing, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea."), [Jaeyong Lee](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Lee+J&cauthor_id=42773492)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."), [Jun Young Park](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Park+JY&cauthor_id=42773492)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."), [Sun Jae Jung](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Jung+SJ&cauthor_id=42773492)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.")[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.")[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/#short-view-affiliation-5 "Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. sunjaejung@yuhs.ac.") ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. * 2 Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea. * 3 Department of Biostatistics and Computing, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea. * 4 Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. * 5 Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. sunjaejung@yuhs.ac. * PMID: **42773492** * PMCID: **PMC13619359** (available on 2026-10-01) * DOI: [ 10.3349/ymj.2025.0342 ](https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2025.0342) Item in Clipboard Full text links Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Linked Discoveries ## Abstract **Purpose:** Though metabolic diseases increasingly affect younger populations, their mental health implications remain poorly understood. We examined associations between age at metabolic disease diagnosis and mental health conditions, comparing early-onset (age <40 years) and late-onset (age ≥40 years) cases. **Materials and methods:** We analyzed the 2014-2023 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants reported physician-diagnosed hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia, with age at diagnosis. Mental health conditions included depression, perceived stress, and suicidality. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, perceived stress through self-reported daily experiences, and suicidality as the presence of suicidal ideation, planning, or attempts within the past year. Associations were examined using multiple logistic regression with Bonferroni correction. **Results:** Early-onset hypertension [odds ratio (OR)=2.67; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.91-3.74] and dyslipidemia (OR=2.55; 95% CI: 1.71-3.79) showed higher odds of depression compared to undiagnosed and late-onset cases (_p_ -diff.<0.001 and _p_ -diff.=0.001, respectively). Early-onset hypertension (OR=1.41; 95% CI: 1.21-1.66) and dyslipidemia (OR=1.90; 95% CI: 1.59-2.26) showed higher odds of perceived stress compared to undiagnosed and late-onset cases (both _p_ -diff.<0.001). Early-onset diabetes (OR=2.76; 95% CI: 1.79-4.25) showed higher odds of suicidality compared to undiagnosed and late-onset cases (_p_ -diff.<0.001). **Conclusion:** Early-onset metabolic diseases showed stronger associations with adverse mental health conditions than late-onset cases, with patterns suggesting these associations were not primarily explained by disease duration. While the cross-sectional design limits causal inference, mental health screening in early-onset metabolic disease care could be considered. **Keywords:** Age of onset; depression; hypertension; metabolic diseases; stress, psychological; suicide. © Copyright: Yonsei University College of Medicine 2026. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Conflict of interest statement The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose. ## Similar articles * [ Association between osteoarthritis and mental health in a Korean population: a nationwide study. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28544532/) Jung JH, Seok H, Kim JH, Song GG, Choi SJ.Jung JH, et al.Int J Rheum Dis. 2018 Mar;21(3):611-619. doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.13098. Epub 2017 May 25.Int J Rheum Dis. 2018.PMID: 28544532 * [ The association between mental health, chronic disease and sleep duration in Koreans: a cross-sectional study. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26627637/) Lee MS, Shin JS, Lee J, Lee YJ, Kim MR, Park KB, Shin D, Cho JH, Ha IH.Lee MS, et al.BMC Public Health. 2015 Dec 1;15:1200. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2542-3.BMC Public Health. 2015.PMID: 26627637Free PMC article. * [ Psychiatric and psychosocial determinants of suicidality: Findings from a national mental health survey in Korea. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41232693/) Noh J, Yang JS, Lee D, Heo Y, Ahn JH, Kim H, Jung SJ.Noh J, et al.J Affect Disord. 2026 Feb 1;394(Pt B):120651. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.120651. Epub 2025 Nov 11.J Affect Disord. 2026.PMID: 41232693 * [ Prevalence of early and late onset of chronic diseases and multimorbidity and its association with physical, mental and functional health among older Indian adults. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37710170/) Ahmed W, Muhammad T, Muneera K.Ahmed W, et al.BMC Geriatr. 2023 Sep 14;23(1):563. doi: 10.1186/s12877-023-04264-8.BMC Geriatr. 2023.PMID: 37710170Free PMC article. * [ Cardiovascular events following pregnancy complicated by pre-eclampsia with emphasis on comparison between early- and late-onset forms: systematic review and meta-analysis. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32484256/) Dall'Asta A, D'Antonio F, Saccone G, Buca D, Mastantuoni E, Liberati M, Flacco ME, Frusca T, Ghi T.Dall'Asta A, et al.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2021 May;57(5):698-709. doi: 10.1002/uog.22107.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2021.PMID: 32484256 [ See all similar articles ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=42773492) ## References 1. 1. 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Can J Diabetes. 2023;47:308–344. - [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37321702/) Show all 31 references ## MeSH terms * Adult Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Adult%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Adult) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/) * Age of Onset Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Age+of+Onset%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Age+of+Onset) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/) * Aged Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Aged%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Aged) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773492/) * Cross-Sectional Studies Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Cross-Sectional+Studies%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Cross-Sectional+Studies) * [ Add to Search
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