---
title: "Fluid intake in heart failure: weighing restriction versus liberalization"
id: "pubmed-42907217"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42907217"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Pharmacology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/"
doi: "10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260429-00277"
published_at: "2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Fluid intake in heart failure: weighing restriction versus liberalization
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42907217
- **Specialty:** [Pharmacology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/)
- **DOI:** [10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260429-00277](https://doi.org/10.3760%2Fcma.j.cn112148-20260429-00277)
- **Published At:** 2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- Heart failure remains a leading global cardiovascular burden; optimal **fluid intake** strategy in this population is unresolved and debated. - Traditional clinical guidance commonly recommends **fluid restriction** to ≤2.0 L/day, with stricter regimens using ≤1.5 L/day, intended to relieve volume-overload symptoms. - The source review reported that these conventional limits lack robust, high-quality randomized evidence supporting symptom relief or improved outcomes. - Investigators noted that strict fluid limits may increase patient **thirst**, reduce quality of life, and lower treatment adherence—practical harms that affect daily living. - Multiple recent studies assessed fluid-management approaches; most found no clear additional symptom or prognostic benefit from strict restriction, though study designs and populations varied. - The authors synthesized contemporary research, describing heterogeneity across studies and the relative scarcity of large, definitive trials. - The review discusses the potential clinical merits of a more moderate or relaxed fluid-intake strategy, including improved tolerability and adherence, but did not provide precise protocols or dosing details. - Authors concluded by calling for higher-quality studies to define which subgroups, if any, benefit from restriction and to quantify trade-offs between symptom control and quality-of-life harms. - All authors declared no conflicts of interest; the review appeared in Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi (2026).
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. [ Skip to main page content ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/#article-details) ### NIH Websites Are Changing * [Get the Latest Updates and FAQs on the transition](https://www.nih.gov/web-modernization) * Per [Executive Order 14434](https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/09/inaugurating-the-era-of-super-intelligence/), federal agencies are now using "Super Intelligence" (SI) in place of "Artificial Intelligence" (AI). You may see both terms across NIH content during this transition. ![U.S. flag](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png) An official website of the United States government Here's how you know ![Dot gov](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg) **The .gov means it’s official.** Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. ![Https](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg) **The site is secure.** The **https://** ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. [ ![NIH NLM Logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg) ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [Log in](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42907217%2F) Show account info Close #### Account Logged in as: **username** * [Dashboard](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) * [Publications](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/bibliography/) * [Account settings](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/) * [Log out](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/signout/?back_url=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) [Access keys](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys) [NCBI Homepage](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) [MyNCBI Homepage](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) [Main Content](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/#maincontent) [Main Navigation](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) [ ![pubmed logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/a447896c-976f-490b-b86b-2668b65114a8/core/images/pubmed-logo-blue.svg) ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [ ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/ "Show search bar") Search: [](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/ "Clear search input")Search [Advanced](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/advanced/) [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clipboard/) [ User Guide ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/) Save Email Send to * [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) * [My Bibliography](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42907217%2F%23open-bibliography-panel) * [Collections](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42907217%2F%23open-collections-panel) * [Citation manager](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Save citation to file Format: Summary (text) PubMed PMID Abstract (text) CSV Create file Cancel ## Email citation Email address has not been verified. Go to [ My NCBI account settings ](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/settings/) to confirm your email and then refresh this page. To: Subject: Body: Format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) MeSH and other data Send email Cancel ### Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) Add Cancel ### Add to My Bibliography * My Bibliography Unable to load your delegates due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) Add Cancel ## Your saved search Name of saved search: Search terms: [Test search terms](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) Would you like email updates of new search results? Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons * Yes * No Email: ([change](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/)) Frequency: Monthly Weekly Daily Which day? The first Sunday The first Monday The first Tuesday The first Wednesday The first Thursday The first Friday The first Saturday The first day The first weekday Which day? Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Report format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) PubMed Send at most: 1 item 5 items 10 items 20 items 50 items 100 items 200 items Send even when there aren't any new results Optional text in email: Save Cancel ## Create a file for external citation management software Create file Cancel ## Your RSS Feed Name of RSS Feed: Number of items displayed: 5 10 15 20 50 100 Create RSS Cancel RSS Link Copy ### Full text links [![Chinese Medical Association Publishing House Ltd. full text link](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--www.medjournals.cn-CMAPH-Linkout-logo.png) Chinese Medical Association Publishing House Ltd. ](https://www.yiigle.com/LinkIn.do?linkin_type=pubmed&DOI=10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260429-00277 "See full text options at Chinese Medical Association Publishing House Ltd.") [ Full text links ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) ### Actions Cite Collections Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) Add Cancel Permalink Permalink Copy Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ### Page navigation * [ Title & authors ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/#heading) * [ Abstract ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/#abstract) * [ Conflict of interest statement ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/#conflict-of-interest) * [ Publication types ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/#publication-types) * [ MeSH terms ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/#mesh-terms) * [ LinkOut - more resources ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/#linkout) Title & authors Abstract Conflict of interest statement Publication types MeSH terms LinkOut - more resources Review Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Zhonghua+Xin+Xue+Guan+Bing+Za+Zhi%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Zhonghua+Xin+Xue+Guan+Bing+Za+Zhi%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) . 2026 Oct 24;54(10):1127-1131. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260429-00277. # [Fluid intake in patients with heart failure: should it be restricted or liberalized?] [Article in Chinese] [Z Fang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Fang+Z&cauthor_id=42907217)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Heart Failure Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 100037, China."), [J Zhang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhang+J&cauthor_id=42907217)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Heart Failure Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 100037, China.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliation * 1 Heart Failure Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 100037, China. * PMID: **42907217** * DOI: [ 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260429-00277 ](https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260429-00277) Item in Clipboard Review # [Fluid intake in patients with heart failure: should it be restricted or liberalized?] [Article in Chinese] Z Fang et al. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Zhonghua+Xin+Xue+Guan+Bing+Za+Zhi%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Zhonghua+Xin+Xue+Guan+Bing+Za+Zhi%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) . 2026 Oct 24;54(10):1127-1131. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260429-00277. ### Authors [Z Fang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Fang+Z&cauthor_id=42907217)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Heart Failure Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 100037, China."), [J Zhang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhang+J&cauthor_id=42907217)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Heart Failure Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 100037, China.") ### Affiliation * 1 Heart Failure Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 100037, China. * PMID: **42907217** * DOI: [ 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260429-00277 ](https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260429-00277) Item in Clipboard Full text links Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract 心力衰竭是全球心血管疾病负担的主要原因，心力衰竭患者液体管理策略仍存在争议。传统方案推荐限制液体摄入（通常每日≤2.0 L，严格者每日≤1.5 L）以缓解容量超负荷相关症状，但该策略缺乏高质量循证依据，且可能增加患者口渴负担，影响生活质量与治疗依从性。近年来多项研究评估了心力衰竭液体摄入管理的临床价值，多数结果显示严格液体限制未对心力衰竭患者症状和预后带来额外获益，但现有高质量研究较为缺乏，各研究间存在异质性。该文围绕心力衰竭液体摄入管理的最新研究进展进行评论，梳理传统严格液体限制策略的临床循证证据，阐释适度放宽液体摄入策略的临床应用价值，以期为心力衰竭液体摄入管理的临床实践及未来研究提供参考。. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Conflict of interest statement 所有作者声明无利益冲突 ## Publication types * Review Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Review%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Review) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) ## MeSH terms * Drinking* Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Drinking%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Drinking) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) * Fluid Therapy* / methods Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Fluid+Therapy%2Fmethods%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Fluid+Therapy) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) * Heart Failure* / therapy Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Heart+Failure%2Ftherapy%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Heart+Failure) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) * Humans Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Humans%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Humans) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) ## LinkOut - more resources * ### Full Text Sources * [ Chinese Medical Association Publishing House Ltd. ](https://www.yiigle.com/LinkIn.do?linkin_type=pubmed&DOI=10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260429-00277) * ### Medical * [ MedlinePlus Health Information ](https://medlineplus.gov/heartfailure.html) **Full text links** [x] [![Chinese Medical Association Publishing House Ltd. full text link](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--www.medjournals.cn-CMAPH-Linkout-logo.png) Chinese Medical Association Publishing House Ltd. ](https://www.yiigle.com/LinkIn.do?linkin_type=pubmed&DOI=10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260429-00277 "See full text options at Chinese Medical Association Publishing House Ltd.") [x] Cite Copy Download .nbib .nbib Format: AMA APA MLA NLM **Send To** * [Clipboard](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) * [Email](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42907217%2F%23open-email-panel) * [Save](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) * [My Bibliography](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42907217%2F%23open-bibliography-panel) * [Collections](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42907217%2F%23open-collections-panel) * [Citation Manager](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42907217/) [x] NCBI Literature Resources [MeSH](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/) [PMC](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/) [Bookshelf](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books) [Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Follow NCBI [ Twitter ](https://twitter.com/ncbi) [ Facebook ](https://www.facebook.com/ncbi.nlm) [ LinkedIn ](https://www.linkedin.com/company/ncbinlm) [ GitHub ](https://github.com/ncbi) [ ](https://ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [Connect with NLM](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/socialmedia/index.html) * [ Twitter ](https://twitter.com/NLM_NIH) * [ SM-Facebook ](https://www.facebook.com/nationallibraryofmedicine) * [ SM-Youtube ](https://www.youtube.com/user/NLMNIH) National Library of Medicine [8600 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20894](https://www.google.com/maps/place/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894/@38.9959508,-77.101021,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb:0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!4d-77.0988323) [Web Policies](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html) [FOIA](https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office) [HHS Vulnerability Disclosure](https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html) [Help](https://support.nlm.nih.gov/?pagename=pubmed%3Apubmed%3Aabstract%3ANONE) [Accessibility](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/accessibility.html) [Careers](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/careers/careers.html) * [NLM](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/) * [NIH](https://www.nih.gov/) * [HHS](https://www.hhs.gov/) * [USA.gov](https://www.usa.gov/)
## Related Clinical Research

- [Addressing Polypharmacy: Discussing Deprescribing with Your Doctor](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/kff-health-news-1-more-medications-more-risks-if-you-re-worried-start-a-deprescribing-discussion.md)
- [Matched samples improve domain harmonization for cross-cohort NMR metabolomics](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42888323.md) (DOI: 10.1007/s11306-026-02543-0)
- [Changes in cardiorenal risk scores after SGLT2 inhibitor start in CKD patients with and without ty](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42592709.md) (DOI: 10.1093/joneph/aajag105)
- [Psychosocial profile in adults with congenital heart disease by documented anxiety disorder history](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/plos-one-21-psychosocial-profile-of-adults-with-congenital-heart-disease-according-to.md)
- [Cardiac Screening for Young Adults: Detecting CVD and Preventing Sudden Cardiac Death](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/plos-medicine-0-cardiac-screening-in-the-young-for-the-detection-of-cardiovascular-disease-and.md)

## Navigation
- [← Back to Pharmacology Feed](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- [← All Clinical Specialties](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed.md)
## Medical & Regulatory Disclaimer

> [!CAUTION]
> MedicHelpline content is structured for research, educational, and professional discovery purposes. It does not constitute individual medical advice, clinical diagnosis, or treatment recommendations.
> Always verify dosing, contraindications, and regulatory alerts against official product labeling and primary regulatory sources before clinical decision-making.