---
title: "Limited added benefit of seasonal influenza vaccine priming before A(H5) vaccination against A(H5N"
id: "pubmed-42765371"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42765371"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Pharmacology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/"
doi: "10.1080/22221751.2026.2731495"
published_at: "2026-09-21T12:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Limited added benefit of seasonal influenza vaccine priming before A(H5) vaccination against A(H5N
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42765371
- **Specialty:** [Pharmacology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/)
- **DOI:** [10.1080/22221751.2026.2731495](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F22221751.2026.2731495)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-21T12:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- The study evaluated whether prior **seasonal influenza vaccine priming** enhances protection when followed by an **A(H5)** vaccine, addressing limited early A(H5)-specific vaccine supply during a potential A(H5N1) pandemic. - Animal models used were mice and ferrets challenged with **clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1)** viruses. - **Seasonal influenza vaccination** induced antibodies directed at seasonal haemagglutinins but did not produce detectable antibodies against **A(H5)**. - Prior seasonal vaccination did not consistently boost **A(H5)**-specific antibody responses after subsequent A(H5) vaccination. - In lethal challenge experiments, mice showed an improved outcome with seasonal vaccine priming before A(H5) vaccination in one of three independent mouse experiments; the other two mouse experiments did not show this benefit. - In ferret lethal challenge studies, no added protection from seasonal vaccine priming was observed. - Overall interpretation: under the conditions tested, **seasonal influenza vaccine priming** provided only a limited additional benefit to **A(H5)** vaccine-mediated protection against **A(H5N1)**. - Keywords emphasized by the source include **A(H5) vaccine**, **clade 2.3.4.4b**, **heterosubtypic immunity**, and **pandemic preparedness**. - Specific experimental details (e.g., vaccine formulations, dosing schedules, sample sizes, timing, and statistical measures) were not reported in the PubMed abstract and therefore are not summarized here.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Epub 2026 Sep 21. # Limited added benefit of seasonal influenza vaccination before A(H5) vaccination in mice and ferrets challenged with A(H5N1) [Masato Hatta](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hatta+M&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Ying Huang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Huang+Y&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Jeremy A Duke](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Duke+JA&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Joseph R Rouse](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Rouse+JR&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Chenchen Feng](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Feng+C&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Xudong Lin](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Lin+X&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Li Wang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wang+L&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Melvyn R Almanzar-Jordan](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Almanzar-Jordan+MR&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Division of Core Laboratory Services and Response, Office of Laboratory Systems and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."), [Zhu-Nan Li](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Li+ZN&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [James Stevens](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Stevens+J&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Min Z Levine](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Levine+MZ&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [David E Wentworth](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wentworth+DE&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Vivien G Dugan](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Dugan+VG&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [C Todd Davis](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Davis+CT&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Bin Zhou](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhou+B&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. * 2 Division of Core Laboratory Services and Response, Office of Laboratory Systems and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. * PMID: **42765371** * DOI: [ 10.1080/22221751.2026.2731495 ](https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2026.2731495) Item in Clipboard # Limited added benefit of seasonal influenza vaccination before A(H5) vaccination in mice and ferrets challenged with A(H5N1) Masato Hatta et al. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2026 Dec. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Emerg Microbes Infect Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Emerg+Microbes+Infect%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Emerg+Microbes+Infect%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/) . 2026 Dec;15(1):2731495. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2731495. Epub 2026 Sep 21. ### Authors [Masato Hatta](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hatta+M&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Ying Huang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Huang+Y&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Jeremy A Duke](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Duke+JA&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Joseph R Rouse](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Rouse+JR&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Chenchen Feng](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Feng+C&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Xudong Lin](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Lin+X&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Li Wang](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wang+L&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Melvyn R Almanzar-Jordan](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Almanzar-Jordan+MR&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Division of Core Laboratory Services and Response, Office of Laboratory Systems and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."), [Zhu-Nan Li](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Li+ZN&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [James Stevens](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Stevens+J&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Min Z Levine](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Levine+MZ&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [David E Wentworth](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wentworth+DE&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Vivien G Dugan](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Dugan+VG&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [C Todd Davis](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Davis+CT&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA."), [Bin Zhou](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhou+B&cauthor_id=42765371)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42765371/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.") ### Affiliations * 1 Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. * 2 Division of Core Laboratory Services and Response, Office of Laboratory Systems and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. * PMID: **42765371** * DOI: [ 10.1080/22221751.2026.2731495 ](https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2026.2731495) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract Limited A(H5)-specific vaccine supply is expected early in a potential A(H5N1) pandemic, raising the question of whether licensed seasonal influenza vaccines could enhance protection when administered before A(H5) vaccination. We evaluated this strategy in mouse and ferret models using clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) viruses. Seasonal influenza vaccination induced antibodies to seasonal haemagglutinins but did not induce detectable antibodies against A(H5) and did not consistently enhance A(H5)-directed antibody responses after A(H5) vaccination. In lethal challenge studies, seasonal vaccine priming before A(H5) vaccination was associated with improved outcomes compared with A(H5) vaccination alone in one of three mouse experiments, but this effect was not observed in the other two mouse experiments or in ferrets. These findings suggest that seasonal influenza vaccine priming provides limited added benefit to A(H5) vaccine-mediated protection against A(H5N1) under the conditions tested. **Keywords:** A(H5) vaccine; clade 2.3.4.4b; heterosubtypic immunity; pandemic preparedness; seasonal influenza vaccine priming. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Similar articles * [ A VSV-vector vaccine simultaneously targeting H5N1 hemagglutinin and matrix protein 2 induces robust neutralizing and ADCC antibody responses and provides full protection against lethal H5N1 infection in a mouse model. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42300735/) Ao Z, Vendramelli R, Buyu M, Truong T, Liu D, Gao N, Ma H, Amos S, Lawrynuik P, Nyamekye M, Fowke KR, Pelka P, Shmulevitz M, Kung SKP, Kobasa D, Yao X.Ao Z, et al.J Virol. 2026 Jul 21;100(7):e0009726. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00097-26. Epub 2026 Jun 16.J Virol. 2026.PMID: 42300735Free PMC article. * [ Development of Clade-Specific and Broadly Reactive Live Attenuated Influenza Virus Vaccines against Rapidly Evolving H5 Subtype Viruses. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28490598/) Boonnak K, Matsuoka Y, Wang W, Suguitan AL Jr, Chen Z, Paskel M, Baz M, Moore I, Jin H, Subbarao K.Boonnak K, et al.J Virol. 2017 Jul 12;91(15):e00547-17. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00547-17. Print 2017 Aug 1.J Virol. 2017.PMID: 28490598Free PMC article. * [ Protective effect of A(H5N8) stockpiled vaccine against a virus genetically identical to a human isolate of bovine A(H5N1) influenza virus. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42580038/) Uraki R, Kiso M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Ito M, Yamayoshi S, Imai M, Kawaoka Y.Uraki R, et al.EBioMedicine. 2026 Sep;131:106430. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106430. Epub 2026 Aug 11.EBioMedicine. 2026.PMID: 42580038Free PMC article. * [ A Replication-Defective Influenza Virus Harboring H5 and H7 Hemagglutinins Provides Protection against H5N1 and H7N9 Infection in Mice. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33177192/) Tian X, Landreth S, Lu Y, Pandey K, Zhou Y.Tian X, et al.J Virol. 2021 Jan 13;95(3):e02154-20. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02154-20. Print 2021 Jan 13.J Virol. 2021.PMID: 33177192Free PMC article. * [ Cross-protection against highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus from seasonal influenza vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis of ferret stu
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