---
title: "Microspheres for Myocardial Infarction Therapy: Design, Delivery, and Applications"
id: "pubmed-42542259"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42542259"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Pharmacology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/"
doi: "10.1016/j.ijpharm.2026.127262"
published_at: "2026-09-05T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Microspheres for Myocardial Infarction Therapy: Design, Delivery, and Applications
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42542259
- **Specialty:** [Pharmacology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/)
- **DOI:** [10.1016/j.ijpharm.2026.127262](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ijpharm.2026.127262)
- **Published At:** 2026-09-05T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- Myocardial infarction (MI) causes long-term adverse remodeling and remains a leading cause of heart failure despite improved early survival with current interventions. - **Microspheres** are injectable, tunable particulate platforms with high surface-to-volume ratio and have clinical uses in chemotherapy, hemostasis, and long-acting injectables. - In MI therapy, microspheres can encapsulate a variety of **bioactive agents**, modulate the infarct microenvironment, and support cardiac repair via minimally invasive delivery. - Key microsphere design variables include **morphology**, particle **size**, material composition, and surface functionalization, all of which affect payload release and tissue interactions. - Major fabrication techniques covered are **emulsion–solvent evaporation**, **spray drying**, **electrospraying**, and **microfluidics**, each offering different control over size, uniformity, and drug loading. - Delivery routes for cardiac applications include **intramyocardial**, **epicardial**, and **intracoronary** administration; route selection influences localization, retention, and invasiveness. - Microspheres have been investigated for direct delivery of growth factors, cytokines, small molecules, and for supporting **cell therapy** and three-dimensional engineered cardiac tissues. - Design strategies emphasize controlled release, microenvironment modulation, and functionalization to improve targeting and therapeutic efficacy. - The review summarizes preclinical evidence but notes translational hurdles; limitations and future perspectives are discussed to guide innovation and clinical translation. - Keywords and thematic focuses include **bioactive-agent delivery**, **functionalization strategies**, **microspheres**, **myocardial infarction**, and **tissue engineering**.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. [ Skip to main page content ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#article-details) ![U.S. flag](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png) An official website of the United States government Here's how you know ![Dot gov](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg) **The .gov means it’s official.** Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. ![Https](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg) **The site is secure.** The **https://** ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. [ ![NIH NLM Logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg) ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [Log in](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42542259%2F) Show account info Close #### Account Logged in as: **username** * [Dashboard](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) * [Publications](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/bibliography/) * [Account settings](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/) * [Log out](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/signout/?back_url=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) [Access keys](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys) [NCBI Homepage](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) [MyNCBI Homepage](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) [Main Content](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#maincontent) [Main Navigation](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) [ ![pubmed logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/c24ab723-7c80-48cd-9c68-022ded852586/core/images/pubmed-logo-blue.svg) ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [ ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/ "Show search bar") Search: [](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/ "Clear search input")Search [Advanced](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/advanced/) [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clipboard/) [ User Guide ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/) Save Email Send to * [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) * [My Bibliography](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42542259%2F%23open-bibliography-panel) * [Collections](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42542259%2F%23open-collections-panel) * [Citation manager](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Save citation to file Format: Summary (text) PubMed PMID Abstract (text) CSV Create file Cancel ## Email citation Email address has not been verified. Go to [ My NCBI account settings ](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/settings/) to confirm your email and then refresh this page. To: Subject: Body: Format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) MeSH and other data Send email Cancel ### Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) Add Cancel ### Add to My Bibliography * My Bibliography Unable to load your delegates due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) Add Cancel ## Your saved search Name of saved search: Search terms: [Test search terms](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) Would you like email updates of new search results? Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons * Yes * No Email: ([change](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/)) Frequency: Monthly Weekly Daily Which day? The first Sunday The first Monday The first Tuesday The first Wednesday The first Thursday The first Friday The first Saturday The first day The first weekday Which day? Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Report format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) PubMed Send at most: 1 item 5 items 10 items 20 items 50 items 100 items 200 items Send even when there aren't any new results Optional text in email: Save Cancel ## Create a file for external citation management software Create file Cancel ## Your RSS Feed Name of RSS Feed: Number of items displayed: 5 10 15 20 50 100 Create RSS Cancel RSS Link Copy ### Full text links [![Elsevier Science full text link](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--linkinghub.elsevier.com-ihub-images-PubMedLink.gif) Elsevier Science ](https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378-5173\(26\)00710-6 "See full text options at Elsevier Science") [ Full text links ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) ### Actions Cite Collections Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) Add Cancel Permalink Permalink Copy Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ### Page navigation * [ Title & authors ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#heading) * [ Abstract ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#abstract) * [ Conflict of interest statement ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#conflict-of-interest) * [Similar articles](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#similar) * [ Publication types ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#publication-types) * [ MeSH terms ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#mesh-terms) * [Related information](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#related-links) * [ LinkOut - more resources ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#linkout) Title & authors Abstract Conflict of interest statement Similar articles Publication types MeSH terms Related information LinkOut - more resources Review Int J Pharm Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Int+J+Pharm%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Int+J+Pharm%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) . 2026 Sep 5:702:127262. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2026.127262. Epub 2026 Aug 1. # Microspheres in myocardial infarction therapy [Tailuo Liu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Liu+T&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China."), [Ying Hao](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hao+Y&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China."), [Lifan Xu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Xu+L&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China."), [Hao Zhou](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhou+H&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China."), [Bo Li](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Li+B&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China."), [Yuwen Chen](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chen+Y&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#full-view-affiliation-2 "Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory of Nursing & Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China. Electronic address: cyw0713@163.com."), [Mao Chen](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chen+M&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China. Electronic address: chenmao@scu.edu.cn.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China. * 2 Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory of Nursing & Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China. Electronic address: cyw0713@163.com. * 3 Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China. Electronic address: chenmao@scu.edu.cn. * PMID: **42542259** * DOI: [ 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2026.127262 ](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2026.127262) Item in Clipboard Review # Microspheres in myocardial infarction therapy Tailuo Liu et al. Int J Pharm. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Int J Pharm Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Int+J+Pharm%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Int+J+Pharm%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) . 2026 Sep 5:702:127262. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2026.127262. Epub 2026 Aug 1. ### Authors [Tailuo Liu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Liu+T&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China."), [Ying Hao](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hao+Y&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China."), [Lifan Xu](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Xu+L&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China."), [Hao Zhou](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zhou+H&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China."), [Bo Li](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Li+B&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China."), [Yuwen Chen](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chen+Y&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory of Nursing & Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China. Electronic address: cyw0713@163.com."), [Mao Chen](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chen+M&cauthor_id=42542259)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China. Electronic address: chenmao@scu.edu.cn.") ### Affiliations * 1 Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China. * 2 Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory of Nursing & Materials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China. Electronic address: cyw0713@163.com. * 3 Laboratory of Cardiac Structure and Function at Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Cardiac Structure and Function Research Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu 610041, PR China. Electronic address: chenmao@scu.edu.cn. * PMID: **42542259** * DOI: [ 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2026.127262 ](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2026.127262) Item in Clipboard Full text links Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of heart failure. Although contemporary interventions improve early survival, they fail to promote cardiac repair or prevent long-term adverse remodeling. Microspheres, with injectability, high surface-to-volume ratio, and tunable structure, have emerged as versatile therapeutic platforms and have been clinically applied in chemotherapy, hemostasis, and long-acting injectable formulations. In MI therapy, microspheres can encapsulate diverse bioactive agents, modulate the infarct microenvironment in a minimally invasive manner, and promote cardiac repair. This review introduces microsphere morphology, size, materials, and major fabrication techniques, including emulsion-solvent evaporation, spray drying, electrospraying, and microfluidics. It also summarizes preclinical evidence on delivery routes, intramyocardial, epicardial, and intracoronary, and emphasizes design strategies. Furthermore, the use of microspheres for bioactive-agent delivery, cell therapy, and three-dimensional engineered cardiac tissues is reviewed. Finally, the limitations and future perspectives of microsphere-based therapy for MI are discussed, aiming to inspire innovative strategies and accelerate clinical translation. **Keywords:** Bioactive agents delivery; Functionalization strategies; Microspheres; Myocardial infarction; Tissue engineering. Copyright © 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Conflict of interest statement Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. ## Similar articles * [ The Application of Injectable Hydrogels in Myocardial Infarction Repair: Material Design, Biological Functions and Clinical Translation. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42511807/) Zhang Z, Lang X, Zhang Y, Dong X, Han X, Xu C, Zhuang X.Zhang Z, et al.Int J Mol Sci. 2026 Jul 21;27(14):6464. doi: 10.3390/ijms27146464.Int J Mol Sci. 2026.PMID: 42511807Free PMC article.Review. * [ Minimally invasive delivery of engineered heart tissues restores cardiac function in rats with chronic myocardial infarction. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40889668/) Li P, Shahriar SMS, Tang L, Prachyl H, Chaliki H, Scott L, Xie J, Zhu W.Li P, et al.Acta Biomater. 2026 Feb;211:74-91. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2025.08.057. Epub 2025 Aug 30.Acta Biomater. 2026.PMID: 40889668Free PMC article. * [ IGF-1 loaded injectable microspheres for potential repair of the infarcted myocardium. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32772783/) Rosellini E, Barbani N, Frati C, Madeddu D, Massai D, Morbiducci U, Lazzeri L, Falco A, Graiani G, Lagrasta C, Audenino A, Cascone MG, Quaini F.Rosellini E, et al.J Biomater Appl. 2021 Feb;35(7):762-775. doi: 10.1177/0885328220948501. Epub 2020 Aug 9.J Biomater Appl. 2021.PMID: 32772783 * [ Macrophage Membrane-Coated Nanocarriers in Myocardial Infarction: A Paradigm Shift in Targeted Cardiac Therapy. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41229674/) Wang L, Wang K, Zheng H.Wang L, et al.Int J Nanomedicine. 2025 Nov 7;20:13499-13525. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S546817. eCollection 2025.Int J Nanomedicine. 2025.PMID: 41229674Free PMC article.Review. * [ Silk-Fibroin-Based Strategies for Myocardial Infarction Repair: A Comprehensive Review. ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41898744/) Piao S, Gao Y.Piao S, et al.Int J Mol Sci. 2026 Mar 23;27(6):2885. doi: 10.3390/ijms27062885.Int J Mol Sci. 2026.PMID: 41898744Free PMC article.Review. [ See all similar articles ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=42542259) ## Publication types * Review Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Review%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Review) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) ## MeSH terms * Animals Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Animals%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Animals) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42542259/) * Drug Delivery Systems* / methods Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Drug+Delivery+Systems%2Fmethods%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in Me
## Related Clinical Research

- [Cardiac-targeted delivery strategies for advanced therapies in heart disease](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42284133.md) (DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehag432)
- [Semaglutide and Primary Prevention of MACCE in Obese Adults with T2DM and Rheumatoid Arthritis](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42334436.md) (DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvag044)
- [Avoiding Cardiac Toxicity with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Safety Review (Title Only Available)](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/frontiers-in-immunology-15-avoidance-of-cardiac-toxicity-during-the-application-of-immune-checkpoint.md)
- [Post-acute and long-term cardiovascular effects after dengue infection: systematic review protocol](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/plos-one-0-post-acute-and-long-term-cardiovascular-effects-following-dengue-infection-a.md)
- [Accuracy of EMR Retrieval Methods and a Large Language Model for Identifying Cardiovascular Events](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/bmj-open-6-diagnostic-accuracy-of-electronic-medical-record-retrieval-methods-and-a-large.md)

## Navigation
- [← Back to Pharmacology Feed](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- [← All Clinical Specialties](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed.md)
## Medical & Regulatory Disclaimer

> [!CAUTION]
> MedicHelpline content is structured for research, educational, and professional discovery purposes. It does not constitute individual medical advice, clinical diagnosis, or treatment recommendations.
> Always verify dosing, contraindications, and regulatory alerts against official product labeling and primary regulatory sources before clinical decision-making.