---
title: "Prevalence and risk factors for delayed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in Central Ethiopia"
id: "pubmed-42842605"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42842605"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Pharmacology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42842605/"
doi: "10.1371/journal.pone.0353573"
published_at: "2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# Prevalence and risk factors for delayed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in Central Ethiopia
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42842605
- **Specialty:** [Pharmacology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42842605/)
- **DOI:** [10.1371/journal.pone.0353573](https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0353573)
- **Published At:** 2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- This facility-based cross-sectional study assessed delayed diagnosis of **type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)** among adults attending a specialized hospital in Central Ethiopia. - Delayed diagnosis was defined as more than three months between the first chart-documented fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥126 mg/dL and a physician-documented diagnosis. - The study sample comprised 390 adult T2DM patients attending follow-up at Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (WUNEMMCSH); records spanned January 2021–December 2025 with data collection in February 2026. - The observed prevalence of delayed diagnosis was 25.4% (95% CI: 21.1–29.7). - In multivariable logistic regression, four factors were independently associated with delayed diagnosis: **rural residence** (AOR 2.37; 95% CI: 1.32–4.24), **alcohol consumption** (AOR 3.91; 95% CI: 2.27–6.76), lack of a history of **regular medical check-up** (AOR 3.93; 95% CI: 1.69–9.14), and travel time to a health facility of one hour or more (AOR 6.55; 95% CI: 3.16–13.58). - Variables that were not independently associated with delayed diagnosis in the adjusted model included family history of diabetes, educational status, presenting symptoms at first visit, hypertension, and smoking history. - The authors recommend strengthening opportunistic blood glucose screening, promoting regular preventive check-ups, expanding diagnostic access for rural and geographically distant populations, and targeted outreach to people who consume alcohol to reduce delayed diagnosis and downstream complications. - Conflict of interest: authors declared no competing interests. - Details not reported in the abstract: specifics of sampling frame beyond 'simple random sampling from medical records', detailed participant demographics, exact prevalence stratified by subgroups, and any study limitations or secondary analyses were not provided in the abstract.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
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Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia. * 2 Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia. * PMID: **42842605** * DOI: [ 10.1371/journal.pone.0353573 ](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0353573) Item in Clipboard # Prevalence and associated factors of delayed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults attending a comprehensive specialized hospital in Central Ethiopia: A facility-based cross-sectional study Million Mohammed Asfaw et al. PLoS One. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID PLoS One Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22PLoS+One%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22PLoS+One%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42842605/) . 2026 Oct 7;21(10):e0353573. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0353573. eCollection 2026. ### Authors [Million Mohammed Asfaw](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Asfaw+MM&cauthor_id=42842605)[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42842605/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia."), [Alemu Earsido Addila](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Addila+AE&cauthor_id=42842605)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42842605/#short-view-affiliation-2 "Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia.") ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia. * 2 Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia. * PMID: **42842605** * DOI: [ 10.1371/journal.pone.0353573 ](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0353573) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Linked Discoveries ## Abstract **Background:** Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to persistent hyperglycemia. Delayed diagnosis is a major public health challenge because many patients are recognized only after developing chronic complications, yet evidence on this problem remains limited in Central Ethiopia. **Objective:** To assess the prevalence and associated factors of delayed diagnosis of T2DM among patients attending Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (WUNEMMCSH), Central Ethiopia. **Methods:** A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 390 adult T2DM patients attending follow-up care at WUNEMMCSH between January 2021 and December 2025 (data collection: February 2026), selected by simple random sampling from medical records. Delayed diagnosis was defined as an interval exceeding three months between the first chart-documented fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥126 mg/dL and formal physician-documented diagnosis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed in SPSS version 25, with significance declared at p < 0.05 using adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). **Results:** The prevalence of delayed diagnosis of T2DM was 25.4% (95% CI: 21.1-29.7). In the multivariable model, rural residence (AOR = 2.37; 95% CI: 1.32-4.24), alcohol consumption (AOR = 3.91; 95% CI: 2.27-6.76, i.e., alcohol users had higher odds of delay than non-users), absence of a history of regular medical check-up (AOR = 3.93; 95% CI: 1.69-9.14), and travel distance to a health facility of one hour or more (AOR = 6.55; 95% CI: 3.16-13.58) were significantly associated with delayed diagnosis. Family history of diabetes, educational status, symptoms at first visit, hypertension, and smoking history were not independently associated with delayed diagnosis in the adjusted model. **Conclusion:** Approximately one in four adults with T2DM attending WUNEMMCSH experienced delayed diagnosis. Strengthening opportunistic blood glucose screening, promoting regular preventive check-ups, expanding diagnostic access for rural and geographically distant populations, and targeted outreach for alcohol-using populations are essential to reduce delayed diagnosis and its downstream complications. Copyright: © 2026 Asfaw, Addila. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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