---
title: "SGLT2 inhibitors and secondary polycythemia: hematologic effects in type 2 diabetes"
id: "pubmed-42587114"
canonical_url: "https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42587114"
content_type: "clinical_feed_article"
specialty: "Pharmacology"
source_name: "PubMed / NCBI"
source_url: "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/"
doi: "10.1007/s00228-026-04160-1"
published_at: "2026-08-13T00:00:00.000Z"
evidence_level: "Journal Article"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0 / Informational Use"
---
# SGLT2 inhibitors and secondary polycythemia: hematologic effects in type 2 diabetes
## Provenance & Clinical Metadata
- **Canonical URL:** https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42587114
- **Specialty:** [Pharmacology](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- **Primary Source:** PubMed / NCBI
- **Source URL:** [Original Journal Publication](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/)
- **DOI:** [10.1007/s00228-026-04160-1](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00228-026-04160-1)
- **Published At:** 2026-08-13T00:00:00.000Z
- **Evidence Rating:** Journal Article
## Executive GIST (TL;DR)
- SGLT2 inhibitors (empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, canagliflozin) are linked to consistent increases in **hemoglobin (Hgb)** and **hematocrit (Hct)** in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), identified through a systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidance. - The review included 10 studies (randomized and observational) with follow-up from 8 weeks to 24 months; randomized data (3 RCTs, 171 patients) showed pooled mean differences of **Hct +2.29%** (95% CI 1.48–3.09) and **Hgb +0.51 g/dL** (95% CI 0.28–0.74) versus placebo. - Real-world data across 9,646 patients reported an increase in polycythemia prevalence from **2.4% to 9.7%**, with **severe cases in 1.4%** of patients; limited observational data suggested a potential link to thrombotic events (one study of 100 patients with JAK2-unmutated erythrocytosis reported a 10% event rate). - Hematologic changes appeared early after initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors and were reported as reversible after discontinuation of therapy. - The authors excluded patients with primary polycythemia, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), or heart failure from their analysis; the abstract also contains a sentence noting associations in patients with type 2 diabetes, ESRD, or heart failure, which reflects wording in the source. - Clinical significance remains uncertain: while rises in Hgb/Hct may contribute to cardiovascular benefits reported with SGLT2 inhibitors, a subset of patients may develop clinically relevant **erythrocytosis/polycythemia**, prompting recommendations for clinician awareness and monitoring of high-risk individuals. - The review highlights the need for larger prospective studies to better define the prevalence, mechanisms, and clinical outcomes (including thrombotic risk) related to SGLT2-associated hematologic changes.
## Clinical Analysis & Structured Key Points
Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. [ Skip to main page content ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#article-details) ![U.S. flag](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png) An official website of the United States government Here's how you know ![Dot gov](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg) **The .gov means it’s official.** Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. ![Https](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg) **The site is secure.** The **https://** ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. [ ![NIH NLM Logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg) ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [Log in](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42587114%2F) Show account info Close #### Account Logged in as: **username** * [Dashboard](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) * [Publications](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/bibliography/) * [Account settings](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/) * [Log out](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/signout/?back_url=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) [Access keys](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys) [NCBI Homepage](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) [MyNCBI Homepage](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) [Main Content](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#maincontent) [Main Navigation](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) [ ![pubmed logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/af7de7da-df5d-41c6-8de4-8c266af8ccfb/core/images/pubmed-logo-blue.svg) ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) [ ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/ "Show search bar") Search: [](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/ "Clear search input")Search [Advanced](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/advanced/) [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clipboard/) [ User Guide ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/help/) Save Email Send to * [ Clipboard ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) * [My Bibliography](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42587114%2F%23open-bibliography-panel) * [Collections](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F42587114%2F%23open-collections-panel) * [Citation manager](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Save citation to file Format: Summary (text) PubMed PMID Abstract (text) CSV Create file Cancel ## Email citation Email address has not been verified. Go to [ My NCBI account settings ](https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/settings/) to confirm your email and then refresh this page. To: Subject: Body: Format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) MeSH and other data Send email Cancel ### Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) Add Cancel ### Add to My Bibliography * My Bibliography Unable to load your delegates due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) Add Cancel ## Your saved search Name of saved search: Search terms: [Test search terms](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) Would you like email updates of new search results? Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons * Yes * No Email: ([change](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/)) Frequency: Monthly Weekly Daily Which day? The first Sunday The first Monday The first Tuesday The first Wednesday The first Thursday The first Friday The first Saturday The first day The first weekday Which day? Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Report format: Summary Summary (text) Abstract Abstract (text) PubMed Send at most: 1 item 5 items 10 items 20 items 50 items 100 items 200 items Send even when there aren't any new results Optional text in email: Save Cancel ## Create a file for external citation management software Create file Cancel ## Your RSS Feed Name of RSS Feed: Number of items displayed: 5 10 15 20 50 100 Create RSS Cancel RSS Link Copy ### Actions Cite Collections Add to Collections * Create a new collection * Add to an existing collection Name your collection: Name must be less than 100 characters Choose a collection: Unable to load your collection due to an error [Please try again](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) Add Cancel Permalink Permalink Copy Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ### Page navigation * [ Title & authors ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#heading) * [ Abstract ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#abstract) * [ Conflict of interest statement ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#conflict-of-interest) * [ References ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#references) * [ Publication types ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#publication-types) * [ MeSH terms ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#mesh-terms) * [ Substances ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#substances) Title & authors Abstract Conflict of interest statement References Publication types MeSH terms Substances Review Eur J Clin Pharmacol Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Eur+J+Clin+Pharmacol%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Eur+J+Clin+Pharmacol%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) . 2026 Aug 13;82(9):232. doi: 10.1007/s00228-026-04160-1. # SGLT2 inhibitors and secondary polycythemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of hematologic effects in patients with type 2 diabetes [Elrazi Awadelkarim Hamid Ali](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ali+EAH&cauthor_id=42587114)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Louisville, UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center , 529 S Jackson St, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. razinho5@gmail.com."), [Marrita Rabadi](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Rabadi+M&cauthor_id=42587114)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-affiliation-2 "College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar."), [Ruba Adel Aweer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Aweer+RA&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-affiliation-2 "College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar."), [Eihab Subahi](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Subahi+E&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-affiliation-3 "Department of internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA."), [Elabbass A Abdelmahmuod](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Abdelmahmuod+EA&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-affiliation-4 "Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar metabolic institute, Doha, Qatar."), [Awni Alshurafa](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Alshurafa+A&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-affiliation-5 "National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Doha, Qatar."), [Mohammed Abdulgayoom](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Abdulgayoom+M&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-affiliation-5 "National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Doha, Qatar."), [Mohamed Fawzi Mudarres](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mudarres+MF&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-affiliation-6 "Mercy Hospital, St louis, MO, USA."), [Usra Elshaikh](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Elshaikh+U&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-affiliation-7 "Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar."), [Abdulrahman Al-Mashdali](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Al-Mashdali+A&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-affiliation-5 "National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Doha, Qatar."), [Shehab Mohamed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mohamed+S&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#full-view-affiliation-5 "National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Doha, Qatar.") Affiliations Expand ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Louisville, UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center , 529 S Jackson St, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. razinho5@gmail.com. * 2 College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. * 3 Department of internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA. * 4 Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar metabolic institute, Doha, Qatar. * 5 National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Doha, Qatar. * 6 Mercy Hospital, St louis, MO, USA. * 7 Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. # Contributed equally. * PMID: **42587114** * DOI: [ 10.1007/s00228-026-04160-1 ](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-026-04160-1) Item in Clipboard Review # SGLT2 inhibitors and secondary polycythemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of hematologic effects in patients with type 2 diabetes Elrazi Awadelkarim Hamid Ali et al. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2026. Show details Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Eur J Clin Pharmacol Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Eur+J+Clin+Pharmacol%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in NLM Catalog ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Eur+J+Clin+Pharmacol%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) . 2026 Aug 13;82(9):232. doi: 10.1007/s00228-026-04160-1. ### Authors [Elrazi Awadelkarim Hamid Ali](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ali+EAH&cauthor_id=42587114)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 1 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Louisville, UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center , 529 S Jackson St, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. razinho5@gmail.com."), [Marrita Rabadi](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Rabadi+M&cauthor_id=42587114)[#](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-equal-contrib-explanation "Contributed equally")[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-affiliation-2 "College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar."), [Ruba Adel Aweer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Aweer+RA&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 2 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-affiliation-2 "College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar."), [Eihab Subahi](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Subahi+E&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 3 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-affiliation-3 "Department of internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA."), [Elabbass A Abdelmahmuod](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Abdelmahmuod+EA&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 4 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-affiliation-4 "Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar metabolic institute, Doha, Qatar."), [Awni Alshurafa](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Alshurafa+A&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-affiliation-5 "National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Doha, Qatar."), [Mohammed Abdulgayoom](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Abdulgayoom+M&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-affiliation-5 "National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Doha, Qatar."), [Mohamed Fawzi Mudarres](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mudarres+MF&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 6 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-affiliation-6 "Mercy Hospital, St louis, MO, USA."), [Usra Elshaikh](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Elshaikh+U&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 7 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-affiliation-7 "Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar."), [Abdulrahman Al-Mashdali](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Al-Mashdali+A&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-affiliation-5 "National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Doha, Qatar."), [Shehab Mohamed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mohamed+S&cauthor_id=42587114)[ 5 ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/#short-view-affiliation-5 "National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Doha, Qatar.") ### Affiliations * 1 Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Louisville, UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center , 529 S Jackson St, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. razinho5@gmail.com. * 2 College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. * 3 Department of internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA. * 4 Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar metabolic institute, Doha, Qatar. * 5 National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Doha, Qatar. * 6 Mercy Hospital, St louis, MO, USA. * 7 Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. # Contributed equally. * PMID: **42587114** * DOI: [ 10.1007/s00228-026-04160-1 ](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-026-04160-1) Item in Clipboard Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID ## Abstract **Background:** Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are widely used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to their survival benefits. However, these agents are associated with increases in hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct), raising concern for secondary polycythemia or erythrocytosis and potential thrombotic risk. The clinical significance of these hematologic changes remains unclear. **Methods:** We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched up to February 2026 for studies evaluating the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on hematologic parameters in adults with T2DM. Patients with primary polycythemia, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), or heart failure were excluded. Primary outcomes were changes in Hgb and Hct. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of erythrocytosis/polycythemia and thrombotic events. **Results:** A total of 10 studies met inclusion criteria, comprising randomized and observational studies, with follow-up ranging from 8 weeks to 24 months. SGLT2 inhibitors, including empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and canagliflozin, were consistently associated with increases in Hgb and Hct. Across three randomized controlled trials, SGLT2 inhibitors significantly increased hematocrit (3 studies, 171 patients, pooled mean difference + 2.29%, 95% CI 1.48 to 3.09) and hemoglobin (3 studies, 171 patients, pooled mean difference + 0.51 g/dL, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.74) compared with placebo. Real-world data (9,646 patients) reported an increase in polycythemia prevalence from 2.4% to 9.7%, with severe cases in 1.4% of patients. Limited data suggested a potential association with thrombotic events, with one observational study of 100 patients with JAK2-unmutated erythrocytosis reporting a 10% event rate. Hematologic changes were observed early after treatment initiation and appeared reversible following drug discontinuation. **Conclusions:** In patients with type 2 diabetes, ESRD, or heart failure, SGLT2 inhibitor use is associated with consistent increases in hemoglobin and hematocrit. Although these effects may contribute to cardiovascular benefit, a subset of patients may develop clinically significant erythrocytosis. Clinicians should be aware of this potential effect and monitor high-risk individuals. Larger prospective studies are needed to better define the clinical significance of these findings. **Keywords:** Erythrocytosis; Hematocrit; Hemoglobin; Polycythemia; SGLT2 inhibitors; Type 2 diabetes mellitus. © 2026. The Author(s). [PubMed Disclaimer](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disclaimer/) ## Conflict of interest statement Declarations. Ethics: The study was approved by the University of Louisville Institutional Review Board (IRB) with approval number 23.0545All authors have no conflict of interest. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. ## References 1. 1. Shah SR et al (2018) Sep., Canagliflozin and Cardiovascular disease- results of the CANVAS trial, Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 267–268. 2. 1. Zinman B et al (2015) Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes, N Engl J Med, vol. 373, no. 22, pp. 2117–2128, Nov. 3. 1. Ekanayake P, Mudaliar S (Feb. 2023) Increase in hematocrit with SGLT-2 inhibitors - Hemoconcentration from diuresis or increased erythropoiesis after amelioration of hypoxia? Diabetes Metab Syndr 17(2):102702. 4. 1. Mazer CD et al (2020) Effect of Empagliflozin on Erythropoietin Levels, Iron Stores, and Red Blood Cell Morphology in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease, Circulation, vol. 141, no. 8, pp. 704–707, Feb. 5. 1. Secondary Polycythemia - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. Accessed: Mar. 29, 2026. [Online]. Available: Show all 31 references ## Publication types * Systematic Review Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Systematic+Review%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Systematic+Review) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) * Meta-Analysis Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Meta-Analysis%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Meta-Analysis) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) * Review Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Review%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Review) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) ## MeSH terms * Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / blood Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Diabetes+Mellitus%2C+Type+2%2Fblood%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc) * [ Search in MeSH ](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Diabetes+Mellitus%2C+Type+2) * [ Add to Search ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587114/) * Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy Actions * [ Search in PubMed ](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Diabetes+Mellitus%2C+Type+2%2Fdrug+therapy%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order
## Related Clinical Research

- [SGLT2 inhibitors and urinary tract infection risk: trial-level meta-analysis across T2D, HF, and C](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42566081.md) (DOI: 10.1007/s40199-026-00637-7)
- [SGLT2 inhibitors vs GLP-1 RAs and osteoarthritis risk in type 2 diabetes: a multi-institutional co](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/plos-one-16-comparative-effects-of-sglt2-inhibitors-and-glp-1-receptor-agonists-on.md)
- [Finerenone Slows eGFR Decline in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Without Diabetes](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pubmed-42246672.md) (DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2604625)
- [Dapagliflozin for cardiorenal protection after intensive care unit discharge: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial evaluating dapagliflozin at ICU discharge for cardiorenal protection (DAPA-ICU)](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/bmj-open-15-dapagliflozin-for-cardiorenal-protection-after-intensive-care-unit-discharge-a-protocol-for-a-randomised-controlled-trial-evaluating-dapagliflozin-at-icu-discharge-for-cardiorenal-protection-dapa-icu-.md)
- [Beyond the Scale: What Else Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Can Do](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/endocrine-news-34-beyond-the-scale-what-else-glucagon-like-peptide-1-receptor-agonists-can-do.md)

## Navigation
- [← Back to Pharmacology Feed](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed/pharmacology.md)
- [← All Clinical Specialties](https://medichelpline.com/clinical-feed.md)
## Medical & Regulatory Disclaimer

> [!CAUTION]
> MedicHelpline content is structured for research, educational, and professional discovery purposes. It does not constitute individual medical advice, clinical diagnosis, or treatment recommendations.
> Always verify dosing, contraindications, and regulatory alerts against official product labeling and primary regulatory sources before clinical decision-making.