IntroductionInflammasome-mediated activation of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD), a systemic autoinflammatory disorder. The cleaved free active form of IL-18 may more accurately reflect inflammasome activity than total IL-18, which includes pro–IL-18, free active IL-18, and IL-18 bound to IL-18–binding protein.
This study aimed to measure serum active IL-18 levels in patients with AOSD and evaluate their clinical and diagnostic significance.MethodsSerum samples were obtained from 47 untreated patients with AOSD, 42 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 9 patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), and 26 healthy controls (HCs). Active IL-18 was quantified using a specific ELISA detecting cleaved, biologically active IL-18, and 69 cytokines were analyzed in patients with AOSD using a multiplex suspension array.
Frontiers in Immunology published a clinical update in Infectious Disease on 28 Apr 2026.
The item focuses on Association of elevated serum active IL-18 levels with cytokine profiles and clinical features in adult-onset still’s disease.
Review the original article for the full source wording and details.