Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by autoreactive T-cell responses against myelin antigens. Current disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) broadly suppress immune activity but do not restore antigen-specific immune tolerance and may cause significant adverse effects.
Antigen-specific immunotherapies offer a rational alternative aimed at selectively re-educating the immune system without compromising protective immunity. Structural determinants of myelin antigens, including arginine-dependent conformational stability and post-translational modifications such as citrullination, critically influence their immunogenic and tolerogenic properties.
Recent advances highlight the potential of oxidized mannan-conjugated myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (OM-MOG35-55) to modulate antigen-specific immune responses in experimental models and human immune cells. Studies suggest that OM-MOG35-55 can influence dendritic cell (DC)-mediated antigen presentation and favor the expansion of CD4+PD-1+ and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T-cell populations and the production of regulatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β1.
When combined with vitamin D3 conditioning of DCs, the immunomodulatory potential of OM-MOG35-55 appears enhanced.
Frontiers in Immunology published a clinical update in Infectious Disease on 28 Apr 2026.
The item focuses on Oxidized mannan-MOG35-55 conjugate as a platform for antigen-specific immune modulation in multiple sclerosis.
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