A female infant aged 1 year and 7 months was diagnosed with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The PubMed abstract provides the patient’s age, sex, and the primary hematologic diagnosis but does not include presenting signs, laboratory values, or imaging findings beyond the diagnostic label.
Molecular testing identified a PAX5 gene alteration in this patient. The abstract explicitly states that there was no deletion of IKZF1. No additional molecular or cytogenetic details, such as the specific type of PAX5 alteration (mutation, rearrangement, or fusion), cooperating lesions, or diagnostic methodology, are reported in the PubMed summary.
Following induction chemotherapy, the child developed severe bone marrow suppression. The abstract links this profound myelosuppression temporally to the induction phase of treatment. The PubMed entry does not provide quantitative measures (for example, neutrophil or platelet counts), the specific chemotherapy regimen used for induction, or the duration and supportive measures taken for cytopenias.
During the period of severe marrow suppression the patient developed bloodstream infection with Rothia mucilaginosa, identified in the abstract as the pathogen responsible for clinical sepsis. The summary describes the complication as mucous (mucilaginosa) Rothia sepsis. The PubMed abstract does not include microbiological methods, sites of culture positivity, antimicrobial susceptibility results, or the antimicrobial regimen used.
The infection extended to involve the central nervous system, producing suppurative meningitis according to the abstract. The report does not supply cerebrospinal fluid findings, neuroimaging results, or the timeline between onset of sepsis and meningitis. Therapeutic interventions specific to meningitis (such as intrathecal therapy, neurosurgical procedures, or changes in systemic antimicrobial therapy) are not described in the PubMed summary.
The patient’s condition progressed to refractory septic shock, cerebral herniation (brain hernia), and multi-organ dysfunction, culminating in death. These outcomes are presented concisely in the abstract as the terminal events. The PubMed entry does not provide precise timing, physiologic parameters, details of vasoactive support, organ-specific failure data, or other intensive care measures prior to death.
The case report was authored by Y J Fu, Y X Qiao, S Y Qian, Q Wang, and L J Wang. The primary affiliations are the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit and the Department of Emergency at Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. The report is classified as a case report in Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi (2026 Oct 2;64(10):1190-1191) with PMID 42742023 and DOI 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20260403-00267. The authors stated that they have no conflicts of interest.
The PubMed abstract summarizes the major clinical events but omits many granular clinical and microbiological data points that would commonly be of interest in such a case report. Specifically, the abstract does not report:
Readers interested in those clinical details should consult the full text available via the Chinese Medical Association Publishing House link provided in the PubMed entry. The abstract serves to highlight a severe and fatal complication—Rothia mucilaginosa sepsis with suppurative meningitis—in an infant with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and a PAX5 alteration following induction chemotherapy.
Note: All facts summarized here are derived from the PubMed abstract (PMID 42742023). Where the abstract did not provide specifics, this rewrite explicitly notes that such details were not reported in the source.