GAMIFANT
EMAPALUMAB-LZSG
Indications and usage 1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE GAMIFANT is indicated for the treatment of: adult and pediatric patients with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) with refractory, recurrent or progressive disease or intolerance with conventional HLH therapy. adult and pediatric patients with HLH/macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in known or suspected Still’s disease, including systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (sJIA), with an inadequate response or intolerance to glucocorticoids, or with recurrent MAS.
GAMIFANT is an interferon gamma (IFNγ) neutralizing antibody indicated for the treatment of: adult and pediatric patients with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) with refractory, recurrent or progressive disease or intolerance with conventional HLH therapy. ( 1 ) adult and pediatric patients with HLH/macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in known or suspected Still’s disease, including systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (sJIA), with an inadequate response or intolerance to glucocorticoids, or with recurrent MAS. ( 1 ) Dosage and administration 2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION For intravenous infusion only: Primary HLH recommended starting dosage: 1 mg/kg as an intravenous infusion over 1 hour twice per week. ( 2.1 ) HLH/MAS in Still’s disease recommended dosage schedule: 6 mg/kg, followed by 3 mg/kg every 3 days for 5 doses, then 3 mg/kg twice per week.
Structured Monograph
Clinical summary
Indications and usage 1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE GAMIFANT is indicated for the treatment of: adult and pediatric patients with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) with refractory, recurrent or progressive disease or intolerance with conventional HLH therapy. adult and pediatric patients with HLH/macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in known or suspected Still’s disease, including systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (sJIA), with an inadequate response or intolerance to glucocorticoids, or with recurrent MAS. GAMIFANT is an interferon gamma (IFNγ) neutralizing antibody indicated for the treatment of: adult and pediatric patients with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) with refractory, recurrent or progressive disease or intolerance with conventional HLH therapy. ( 1 ) adult and pediatric patients with HLH/macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in known or suspected Still’s disease, including systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (sJIA), with an inadequate response or intolerance to glucocorticoids, or with recurrent MAS. ( 1 ) Dosage and administration 2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION For intravenous infusion only: Primary HLH recommended starting dosage: 1 mg/kg as an intravenous infusion over 1 hour twice per week. ( 2.1 ) HLH/MAS in Still’s disease recommended dosage schedule: 6 mg/kg, followed by 3 mg/kg every 3 days for 5 doses, then 3 mg/kg twice per week. Given as an intravenous infusion over 1 hour. ( 2.2 ) For both indications, the dose may be titrated up to a maximum of 10 mg/kg. ( 2.5 , 2.6 ) 2.1 Recommended Dosage for Primary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis The recommended starting dose of GAMIFANT is 1 mg/kg given as a central or peripheral intravenous infusion over 1 hour twice per week (every three to four days). Doses subsequent to the initial dose may be increased based on clinical and laboratory criteria [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.5 )] . Administer GAMIFANT until hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is performed or unacceptable toxicity. Discontinue GAMIFANT when a patient no longer requires therapy for the treatment of HLH. 2.2 Recommended Dosage for Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis/Macrophage Activation Syndrome GAMIFANT is administered as a central or peripheral intravenous infusion over 1 hour according to the dosage schedule in Table 1. Doses may be increased based on clinical and laboratory criteria [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.6 )] . Discontinue GAMIFANT when a patient no longer requires therapy for the treatment of HLH/MAS. Table 1. GAMIFANT Dosage in Patients with HLH/MAS Treatment Day GAMIFANT Dosage Day 1 6 mg/kg Days 4 to 16 3 mg/kg every 3 days for 5 doses From Day 19 onward 3 mg/kg twice per week (i.e., every 3 to 4 days) 2.3 Monitoring to Assess Safety Before Initiating GAMIFANT Treatment Conduct testing for latent tuberculosis infections using the purified protein derivative (PPD) or IFNγ release assay and evaluate patients for tuberculosis risk factors prior to initiating GAMIFANT. Administer tuberculosis prophylaxis to patients at risk for tuberculosis, or known to have a positive PPD test result, or positive IFNγ release assay. During GAMIFANT Treatment Monitor for herpes zoster infection, adenovirus, EBV and CMV as clinically indicated. 2.4 Prophylaxis and Concomitant Medication Information Prophylaxis Consider prophylaxis for herpes zoster, Pneumocystis jirovecii , and for fungal infections prior to GAMIFANT administration. Concomitant Medications For primary HLH patients who are not receiving baseline dexamethasone treatment, begin dexamethasone at a daily dose of at least 5 mg/m 2 to 10 mg/m 2 the day before GAMIFANT treatment begins. For patients who were receiving baseline dexamethasone, they may continue their regular dose provided the dose is at least 5 mg/m2. Dexamethasone can be tapered according to the judgment of the treating physician [see Clinical Studies ( 14 )] . 2.5 Dose Modification Based on Response for Primary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis The GAMIFANT dose may be titrated up if disease response is unsatisfactory (see Table 2) [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . After the patient's clinical condition is stabilized, decrease the dose to the previous level to maintain clinical response. Table 2: Dose Titration Criteria Treatment Day GAMIFANT Dose Criteria for Dose Increase Day 1 Starting Dose of 1 mg/kg N/A From Day 4 onwards Increase to 3 mg/kg Unsatisfactory improvement in clinical condition, as assessed by a healthcare provider AND at least one of the following: Fever - persistence or recurrence Platelet count If baseline 50,000/mm 3 If baseline > 50,000/mm 3 and less than 30% improvement If baseline > 100,000/mm 3 and decrease to 500/mm 3 If baseline > 500/mm 3 to 1,000/mm 3 and decrease to 3,000 ng/mL Splenomegaly - any worsening Coagulopathy (both D-Dimer and Fibrinogen must apply) D-Dimer If abnormal at baseline and no improvement Fibrinogen (mg/dL) If baseline levels ≤100 mg/dL and no impr
Monitoring
- • 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Infections: Monitor patients for signs and symptoms and treat promptly.
- • Test for latent tuberculosis.
- • Consider administering prophylactic treatment against herpes zoster, Pneumocystis jirovecii and fungal infections.
- • ( 5.1 ) Live Vaccines: Do not administer live or live attenuated vaccines to patients receiving GAMIFANT.
Interaction Notes
- • 7 DRUG INTERACTIONS 7.1 Effect of GAMIFANT on Cytochrome P450 Substrates The formation of CYP450 enzymes may be suppressed by increased levels of cytokines (such as IFNγ) during chronic inflammation.
- • By neutralizing IFNγ, use of GAMIFANT may normalize CYP450 activities which may reduce the efficacy of drugs that are CYP450 substrates due to increased metabolism.
- • Upon initiation or discontinuation of concomitant GAMIFANT, monitor for reduced efficacy and adjust dosage of CYP450 substrate drugs as appropriate.