Exploring the mechanism of reducing the risk of falls in knee osteoarthritis patients by using Baduanjin based on the functional connection of vestibular network: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Introduction Falls are a major global public health challenge and a leading cause of severe consequences, such as fractures, traumatic brain injuries and even death among older adults. Older adults with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) are at a higher risk of falling and tend to experience more severe injuries due to impaired balance.

Baduanjin, a mind-body exercise, has been shown to improve lower limb muscle strength and balance in older adults and to reduce fall risk in those with KOA; however, its specific mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of Baduanjin in reducing fall risk among older adults with KOA and to preliminarily elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Methods and analysis In this prospective trial, 72 KOA participants will be recruited and randomly assigned (1:1:1) to perform Baduanjin training, brisk walking training and health education. The health education group will conduct health education for the participants in the group once a month, a total of 3 times.