Dengue virus (DENV), as a widely circulating arbovirus, is prone to causing dengue fever and poses a serious threat to human health. Nevertheless, there is currently no ideal safe and effective vaccine for DENV.
In particular, vaccination with approved DENV vaccines may increase the chance of infection with heterotypic serotypes of DENV and the risk of severe dengue upon infection. Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is considered a major mechanism contributing to severe disease in secondary infections, which seriously restricts the safety and efficacy of the vaccine.
Notably, many studies have shown that DENV T cell epitopes induce cellular immunity by producing large amounts of cytokines, which may contribute to controlling DENV infection and potentially modulating ADE risk. However, the relationship between T cell responses and ADE is complex and requires careful balance to avoid immunopathology.
Additionally, the novel mRNA-LNP vaccine has shown promise in preclinical models due to its superior stability and controllability.
Frontiers in Immunology published a clinical update in Infectious Disease on 01 Apr 2026.
The item focuses on Research progress of dengue virus T cell epitope mediated cellular immunity in avoiding ADE.
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