Cancer has become a major public health issue that seriously threatens human health. With the widespread development and application of drug-loaded nanosystems in tumor therapy, numerous studies have confirmed that various nanoparticles can exert anti-tumor activity by regulating one or more immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), including depleting M2-type TAMs in the TME, limiting the recruitment and localization of TAMs, reprogramming M2-type TAMs into M1-type TAMs, enhancing NK cells homing or function, promoting DCs maturation, inhibiting TANs recruitment or altering their polarity, reducing circulating and tumor-infiltrating MDSCs, altering MDSCs phenotype or inhibiting MDSCs functions (including nanocapsules, metal-organic frameworks, micelles, polymers, dendritic macromolecules, liposomes, and other material nanoparticles), promoting CD8+ T cells proliferation or activity and reducing the number of Tregs (including nanoparticles composed of liposomes, gels, cerium, and selenium, hyaluronic acid-modified nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanovesicles, other material nanoparticles, and nanoparticles combined with other treatment modalities), besides, some nanoparticles can exert anti-tumor activity by regulating two or more types of immune cells in the TME.
Frontiers in Immunology published a clinical update in Infectious Disease on 22 Apr 2026.
The item focuses on Nanoparticles that modulate immune cells - an important strategy for the future treatment of tumors.
Review the original article for the full source wording and details.