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Front ImmunolInfectious Disease

Sex-related peripheral immune profile in ulcerative colitis: links to fatigue

14 May 20264 min read0 viewsJournal Feed

GIST (Key Takeaways)

  • Background. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease marked by mucosal and systemic immune dysregulation. Fatigue is a common, burdensome extraintestinal symptom that often persists beyond active inflammation and affects quality of life. Sex-based differences in immune response and fatigue severity have been reported, but their mechanistic basis remain unclear.
  • This study aimed to characterize peripheral immune profiles across UC disease stages and explore links between immunity, fatigue, and sex. Methods. Eighty-nine individuals were enrolled: active UC (A; n=29), remission (R; n=30), and healthy controls (C; n=30). Flow cytometry assessed peripheral neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), and T cell subsets, alongside plasma cytokines (BDNF, TNF, IL-6, IL-18, sTREM-2).
  • Fatigue was evaluated using the validated Inflammatory Bowel Disease Fatigue (IBD-F) questionnaire, with sex-stratified correlation analyses. Results. Active UC was associated with increased neutrophils and classical monocyte, alongside elevated TNF, BDNF, and sTREM-2. Upregulated CD62L expression and CCR2 expression in neutrophils and monocyte subsets indicated ongoing immune cell trafficking.
  • During remission, increased plasmacytoid and CD141+ DCs, and Th9/Th22 cells suggested protective immune modulation.

Clinical Editorial

Summary

Frontiers in Immunology published a clinical update in Infectious Disease on 14 May 2026.

The item focuses on Sex-related peripheral immune profile in ulcerative colitis: links to fatigue.

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