Adipose Tissue Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Altered Adipogenesis Are Associated With Dyslipidemia in Obesity: A Multiomics Profiling Study

Journal of the American Heart Association, Volume 15, Issue 11 , June 2, 2026. BackgroundObesity is an important risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, including dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Although the role of the liver in dyslipidemia is established, the contribution of adipose tissue is less clear. This study aims to clarify the role of adipose tissue in lipid metabolism and dyslipidemia.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional analysis of 125 patients from the BARIA (The Immune System and Microbial Tone in Relation to NAFLD/NASH Before and After Bariatric Surgery in the Morbidly Obese in Amsterdam) longitudinal cohort study undergoing bariatric surgery.

Comprehensive phenotyping included fasting untargeted plasma metabolomics, lipid, lipoprotein, adipokine profiling, RNA sequencing, and fecal shotgun metagenomics. Tissue transcriptomic and plasma metabolites were compared between individuals with and without dyslipidemia.ResultsDyslipidemia was present in 43 of 125 individuals (34.4%), with higher triglycerides (1.62 versus 1.24 mmol/L), apoB (apolipoprotein B; 93.15 versus 81.81 mg/dL), and lower high‐density lipoprotein (1.02 versus 1.35 mmol/L) and apoAI (136.40 versus 161.35 mg/dL).