Reorganization and functional divergence of the CD4+ memory T cell compartment in hidradenitis suppurativa

14 Jul 20264 min read0 viewsJournal Feed

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Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with poorly understood and complex pathophysiology with interplay between many immune and stromal cells. While the T cell infiltrate in HS is well-documented, the relationship between systemic memory T cells and those within the cutaneous microenvironment has yet to be fully elucidated.
We performed a comparative analysis of skin and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) samples from HS patients and healthy controls using flow cytometry to evaluate T cell subsets and their cytokine profile with focus on TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17A. Within the memory compartment, CD4+ central memory T cells (TCM) were profoundly expanded in HS lesions (21%) compared to healthy skin (<1%).
A positive correlation was observed between the levels of skin-infiltrating TCM and those found in the systemic circulation. Conversely, CD4+ resident memory T cells (TRM) were significantly depleted in HS lesions (~30% to <10%).
Functional assays revealed a marked discordance between tissues; skin-derived memory cells exhibited a hyper-responsive phenotype, producing significantly higher levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17A than matched PBMCs.

Frontiers in Immunology published a clinical update in Infectious Disease on 14 Jul 2026.

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Frontiers in Immunology