IntroductionAtopic dermatitis (AD), a common chronic inflammatory skin disease, is characterized by type-2-mediated inflammation, along with the detection of type-1 and type-3 cytokines in lesional skin. The skin microbiome of lesional skin is dominated by the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, which can aggravate the disease via pathogenicity factors.
To elucidate the impact of the adaptive immune response on inflammation in AD, this study focused on staphylococcal serine-like proteases (Spl) of S. aureus, a family of secreted pathogenicity factors with the potential to induce type-2 responses.MethodsSpecific serum IgE against Spl family members was quantified, and SplB-specific CD4+ T cells were identified by surface expression of CD154 after in vitro stimulation with recombinant SplB.
Immunodominant epitopes within the SplB primary structure were predicted to generate MHC multimers for staining, sorting, and cytokine analysis of SplB-specific T cells. TCRB sequencing was applied to identify SplB-specific T cells in AD skin lesions.ResultsWe observed significantly elevated levels of IgE antibodies specific for Spl family proteins in patients with AD compared to healthy controls.
Frontiers in Immunology published a clinical update in Infectious Disease on 04 Jun 2026.
The item focuses on Staphylococcus aureus serine protease-like protein B elicits a type 1/type 2 immune response in atopic dermatitis patients.
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